Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Abaturage 68 bakennye kurusha abandi mu murenge wa Manihira mu karere ka Rutsiro bavuga ko imibereho yabo igiye kurushaho kuba myiza, nyuma y’uko ku wa 24 Kanama 2012 bahawe matela n’umushinga VUP mu rwego rwo guca nyakatsi zo ku buriri.

Muri uyu murenge, mu minsi ishize habaruwe abaturage 156 bakennye kurusha abandi. Umushinga wa leta, VUP,  ugamije guteza imbere imirenge ikennye kurusha iyindi wabanje gushyikiriza matela umubare munini muri abo baturage bakennye, 68 bari basigaye bakaba nabo barazishyikirijwe.

Mu butumwa bwabo, abayobozi batandukanye bitabiriye icyo gikorwa basabye abaturage kurushaho kwiteza imbere bafata neza iyo nkunga bagenerwa na VUP.

Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Manihira, bwana Muhoranyi Nganizi Faustin  na we yabakanguriye gukoresha neza inkunga bagenerwa ariko by’umwihariko abasaba ko baharanira kubaho badateze amaboko, ahubwo bagakora uko bashoboye kose kugira ngo bishakemo ibisubizo.

Mu bindi bikorwa bisanzwe by’umushinga VUP,  birimo gutanga imirimo y’amaboko, abashoboye gukora bakagenerwa umushahara wa buri kwezi, bakaba bahembwa igice nyuma ya buri minsi cumi n’itanu. Uyu mushinga kandi usanzwe utanga inkunga y’ingoboka ku batishoboye barimo abakecuru n’imfubyi zirera .

Naho ku bandi baturage  b’abanyantege nke ariko bashoboye kuba bakoresha inguzanyo, umushinga wa VUP ubagenera inguzanyo bazajya bishyura bagatanga n’inyungu ingana n’amafaranga 2%.

Abashinzwe gukorera ubuvugizi abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona ku rwego rw’igihugu barasaba abayobozi b’inzego zitandukanye ku rwego rw’Akarere ka Nyagatare kujya baha abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona uburenganzira nk’ubuhabwa abandi Banyarwanda bose.

Nkurunziza François, umwe mu bashinzwe gukorera ubuvugizi abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona, avuga ko icyabateye kuza kuganira n’abakozi b’Akarere ka Nyagatare ari ukugira ngo babasabe gukorera abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona ibikorerwa undi Munyarwanda wese haba mu burezi no mu buzima bityo babafate nk’abandi bantu.

Ingabire Sévelin, na we watanze ikiganiro, avuga ko bimwe mu bibazo abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona bahura nabyo harimo imyimvire ikiri hasi bamwe mu Banyarwanda babafiteho bakaba batababona kimwe n’abandi bantu. Ikindi ngo ni uko mu gihe mu Rwanda havugwa uburezi kuri bose bikaba byaratumye hanongerwa amashuri kuri ubu ngo hari ishuri rimwe rukumbi ryigisha abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona.

Umuryango nyarwanda w’ abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona watangiye mu mwaka w’1994 uhabwa ubuzima gatozi mu mwaka w’1995. Kugeza ubu ngo ukaba ufite amashyirahamwe abarirwa muri mirongo ine n’umunani ari hirya no hino mu turere tugize iki gihugu. Mu y’Uburasirazuba yonyine ngo hakaba habarwa agera muri cumi n’atanu.

Musabyemariya ni umubyeyi utuye mu Murenge wa Tumba ho mu Karere ka Huye. Ni umwe mu bagize ishyirahamwe ADAR-Tubahoze ryita ku bana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, ariko urebye ni we ukurikirana umunsi ku wundi ibikorerwa aba bana.

Uyu mubyeyi ntabwo yize ibijyanye no kurera bene aba bana, ahubwo impuhwe yumva abafitiye kubera ko azi ko bakeneye urukundo nk’abandi bana, rimwe na rimwe ababyeyi ndetse n’abavandimwe babo babima, ni byo byatumye yiyemeza kurera ab’imfubyi.

Musabyemariya ati “nabyaye abana 2, umutoya muri bo na we yari afite bene iki kibazo. Byatewe n’uko yavutse yananiwe cyane kubera ko urureri rwari rwamwijungurijeho abaganga bakabibona bitinze. Uyu mwana wacu twiyemeje kumurera tumukunze kugeza yitabye Imana afite imyaka 16.”

Mbere ya jenoside yo mu 1994, yari ari mu ishyirahamwe ry’ababyeyi bafite abana bavukanye ubumuga bwo mu mutwe ryitwaga foi et lumière mu rurimi rw’igifaransa, ni ukuvuga ukwemera n’urumuri. Hamwe n’abari muri iri shyirahamwe, bajyaga bafata igihe cyo guhura, bagasenga ndetse bakanungurana ibitekerezo ku kuntu bagomba gukunda abana babo.

Nyuma ya jenoside, bamwe mu babyeyi bari kumwe mu ishyirahamwe bari barapfuye, abandi bari mu buroko, nuko abonye ukuntu abana babo batakigira kirera kubera ko abo bari basigaranye batabashaga kubitaho, yiyemeje kubegeranya kugira ngo abarere.

Buke buke abantu bagiye bamuzanira n’abandi bana batagira ababyeyi bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, maze mu mwaka w’2000 ashinga ishyirahamwe ADAR-Tubahoze, ubuyobozi bw’Akarere na bwo bumuha amazu yahoze akorerwamo na ADAR aherereye aho bita mu Irango ho mu Murenge wa Tumba, Akarere ka Huye, nuko atangira kuharerera abana yari afite icyo gihe.

Atangira kwegeranya aba bana nyuma ya jenoside bari 3, none ubu afite abagera kuri 27 agenda azanirwa n’abantu batandukanye. Icyakora, abana yemera kurera ni abadafite ababitaho, naho ubundi agira inama ababyeyi kwirerera abana no kubaha urukundo kuko baba barukeneye nk’abandi bana basanzwe, bazima.

Kurera abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bisaba ubwitange

Kugeza ubu, inkunga abasha kubona ituma abasha guhemba abarezi batatu bita kuri aba bana umunsi ku wundi, n’undi umwe wita ku mwana umwe bavuza i Goma. Aba barezi na bo bafite ubwitange bukomeye. Twifuje kumenya niba atagira ubwoba ko bakwigendera, maze uyu mubyeyi asubiza agira ati “abarera aba bana ni abantu bafite umuhamagaro wo kwitanga. Abaza hano ni abahoze bari mu babikira hanyuma ubuzima bwaho bukabananira, nuko bakaza gukomereza umurimo w’urukundo bari biyemeje hano.”

Kurera aba bana bisaba gufata igihe cyo kwiga buri wese, ukamenya ibyo akunda, ibimushimisha n’ibimubabaza kugira ngo umenye aho uhera umwereka ko umukunze. Nta wuhuza imiterere n’undi.

Uyu murimo rero ntabwo woroshye. Bikubitiyeho ko hari abo usanga badashoboye kwigaburira, abandi kwiyuhagira cyangwa kumenya ko bakeneye kujya ku musarane, nta wabura kuvuga ko abakora uyu murimo bawukorera ko bafite urukundo, kandi ko nta n’indi nyungu baba bawutezemo cyane ko inkunga babona idatuma bahembwa n’agatubutse.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Hope&Homes for Children, bafatanyije na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’abana, bwagaragaje ko abana benshi barererwa mu bigo by’imfubyi atari zo. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe hagamijwe kumenya abana bari mu bigo by’imfubyi, uko babayeho n’uko bitabwaho.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bana 3153 bari mu bigo 33, bwagaragaje ko 32,9% ari bo bonyine badafite ababyeyi bombi. Abandi baba mu bigo by’imfubyi ni abafite ba se gusa (21%), abatoraguwe, abaturuka mu miryango ikennye, abakomoka ku babyeyi barwaye mu mutwe cyangwa bafunze ndetse n’ababuranye n’ababyeyi mu gihe cy’intambara.

Abenshi muri aba bana bari munsi y’imyaka 14, kandi abenshi ni abahungu (55%). 18% bonyine ni bo batiga kuko baba bararangije amashuri yisumbuye, bakiri batoya cyane, cyangwa bafite ubumuga bubabuza kujya ku ishuri.  Gusa, harimo n’abakuze cyane, kuko ngo hari n’uwo basanze afite imyaka 36 !

Muri rusange, ababyeyi bumva ko kuba bakennye bagomba gushaka abandi babarerera abana babyaye. Ababyeyi b’abagabo bo ni ibindi kuko bananirwa kurera imfubyi bagahitamo kujya kuzireresha. Aha umuntu yakwibaza niba abagore bandi baba barashatse baramutse bapfuye, abana babyaranye na bo bazabajyana mu bigo birera imfubyi. Ikibabaje kurushaho, ni uko aba bana bari mu bigo birera imfubyi, 34,5% ari bo bonyine basurwa n’imiryango yabo.

Ikindi cyagaragaye, ni uko amafaranga agenda ku bana bari mu bigo by’imfubyi ari menshi cyane: umwana umwe agendwaho n’amafaranga 2.900 ku munsi, 87.600 ku kwezi, ni ukuvuga 1.051.513 ku mwaka. Nyinawagaga Claudine, umuyobozi wa Hope&Homes for Children mu Rwanda, ati: “aya mafaranga ashyizwe mu miryango aba bana baturukamo, akenshi iba inakennye, yagirira akamaro n’abandi bo mu rugo. ”

Ku rundi ruhande, ngo “abana boherezwa mu bigo by’imfubyi kuko bihari”. Ikigaragaza ko ibi ari byo, ni uko abana bo mu Karere ka Burera bari mu bigo by’imfubyi ari 7 gusa. Kubera ko nta bene ibi bigo bihaba, iyo ababyeyi b’abana bapfuye barerwa n’abo mu miryango yabo (ba nyirakuru, ba nyirarume, ba nyirasenge, …)

Nyinawagaga ati: “gukurira mu bigo ntibifasha abana gukura mu buryo basanzwe. Bakura bumva ko hari abagomba kubakorera byose, ntibamenye kwirwanaho kuko babona barya ibyo batazi uko bishakwa. Bakura batazi kubana n’abandi. Hari n’abaharwarira: byagaragaye ko hari abana bazana amagara kubera kutitabwaho, nyamara bagera mu miryango ibarera bakabaheka bagakira.”

Abana rero bakeneye gukurira mu miryango. Abanyarwanda bari bakwiye gusubira kuri wa muco wa kera ko umwana ari uw’umuryango, umubyeyi yapfa abandi bakamurerera aho kujyana abana kuba ahantu bazakura nta rukundo ruhagije rwa kibyeyi bafite, batagira n’ababyeyi bigiraho imico dore ko abakora mu bigo birera imfubyi bahora bahindagurika. Nta wagaya abashyiraho ibigo nk’ibi kuko baba babitewe no kubona abana bandagaye batagira ababitaho. Ariko na none kurererwa mu muryango biraruta.

Tariki ya mbere Gicurasi, umunsi isi yose izirikanaho umunsi ngarukamwaka wahariwe abakozi, abo mu karere ka Muhanga bo biyemeje kuvugira abashoferi b’uturere by’umwihariko abo muri aka karere ndetse n’abandi kugira ngo bagire uburenganzira nk’ubw’abandi bakozi kuko ngo hari bumwe bo badahabwa.

Patrick Gatwaza, ushinzwe imiyoborere myiza mu karere ka Muhanga avuga ko leta yashyizeho gahunda zizajya zifasha gushimira abakozi bayo bitwaye neza ku kazi bashinzwe buri uko umwaka urangiye bagahabwa agahimbazamusyi.

Nyamara ngo, abashoferi b’uturere bo kuri iyi gahunda ntibafatwa kimwe n’abandi bakozi ngo babe bahabwa agahimbazamusyi mu gihe byabaye ngombwa kandi nabo bari mu bantu bagira akazi kenshi kandi ngo katoroshye.

Claude Sebashi ushinzwe abakozi mu karere ka Muhanga avuga ko iki kibazo bamaze kukigeza muri Minisiteri ifite mu nshingano zayo, abakozi  (MINIFOTRA) kugira ngo ibe yakwiga kuri iki kibazo.

Avuga kandi ko bamaze no kukigeza kuri komite nyobozi y’akarere ka Muhanga kugira ngo ibe yagisuzuma maze nayo izabone uko ikigeza ku nama njyanama y’akarere ibe yagira imyanzuro ifatika igifataho.

Kuri uyu munsi kandi aba bakozi bakaba baragaragaje n’ikibazo cy’abakozi b’akarere ariko bakora mu bigo by’akarere nyamara ngo batajya bahabwa ubwisungane mu kwivuza kimwe nk’abandi bakozi b’akarere.

Sebashi akaba avuga ko uko ibi bigo by’akarere bizajya bigenda byiyubaka ariho bazabasha gushakira ubwisungane mu kwivuza abakozi babyo.

Umunsi w’abakozi watangiye kwizihizwa mu kinyejana cya 19 mu mwaka 1889, ubwo abakozi mu gihe cy’iyaduka n’iyamamara ry’inganda (periode indistrielle) baharaniraga uburenganzira bamburwaga kuko bakoreraga mu mwuka mubi ndetse bakanavutswa uburenganzira bwabo.

Aha hakaba hari benshi bapfuye baharanira ko hazabaho umunsi abakozi bajya bubahwa ndetse bagahabwa n’uburenganzira bwakwiye mu kazi.

abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka batuye mu mudugudu wa Mucunda uherereye mu Kagari ka Buhimba, Umurenge wa Rusatira, Akarere ka Huye, twaganiriye kuri uyu wa 7 Gicurasi badutangarij koo batishimira kwitwa iryo zina.

Uwitwa Kayitesi Monika(monique) wagaragaje kurusha abandi ko atishimiye iryo zina yateruye agira ati: « Izina ry’abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka ni ribi. Nzoga nk’abandi, nzitwa uwasigajwe inyuma n’amateka. Nzakenyera reyari (ubwoko bw’igitenge ndlr), nzitwa uwasigajwe inyuma n’amateka. Nzasiga inzara nk’abandi, nzitwa uwasigajwe inyuma n’amateka. Igihe cyose nzaba uwasigaye inyuma. Imbere y’amateka hari iki? »

Kayitesi rero ngo yumva kwitwa abatwa ntacyo bibatwaye. Yabivuze muri aya magambo : « Kuki batatwita abatwa nk’uko bisanzwe ? Twe nta cyo bidutwaye ! »

Icyakora, umwe muri aba basigajwe inyuma n’amateka b’i Mucunda witwa Uwizeyimana Rachel we, yumva iryo zina ry’abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka ntacyo ritwaye, cyane ko we ngo ari mu bagishijwe inama mu kurihitamo. Yagize ati : « Tujya guhitamo iri zina, baduhitishijemo hagati yo kwitwa izina rivuga ko turi ‘ipigime’ (pygmée ndlr), ni ukuvuga impunyu, no kuba abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka maze duhitamo kwitwa abasigajwe inyuma n’amateka. »

Umuhoza Florantine, ni umukobwa w’inkumi ufite imyaka 18. Yamenye ubwenge se wamubyaye atakiriho ariko yumva abaturanyi bavuga ko yari mu bakoze jenoside. Ibyo ariko ngo byamuteraga ipfunwe mu bandi bana kuburyo yabagaho mu bwigunge. Nyamara kuganira n’abandi byatumye yiyakira akaba yiteguye gufatanya n’abandi kubaka igihugu.

Ubwo yatangaga ubuhamya bwe mu muhango wo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 18 jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu murenge wa Nyarubaka mu karere ka Kamonyi, tariki 29/4/2012, uyu mukobwa wavutse mu 1994 yavuze ukuntu yashegeshwe n’agahinda ubwo yumvaga ibyabaye mu Rwanda .

Florentine ngo yabwirwaga n’abaturanyi ko se umubyara ari umwe mu bishe abatutsi muri jenoside maze bikamubabaza cyane. Kuko se yari yarapfuye, yahisemo kubibaza neza umubyeyi umurera maze na we amuhamiriza ko se yakoze jenoside.

Kuba mu murenge wa Nyarubaka ari hamwe mu hiciwe abana benshi muri jenoside, uyu mwana w’umukobwa yatekerezaga ukuntu abo bana bishwe baba ari urungano rwe n’ inshuti ze, ariko Se akaba ari we wabamariye ku icumu, maze bikamutera kwigunga.

Ibiganiro bagirana n’abandi bana bafite amateka kuri jenoside mu Ishyirahamwe bahuriramo ryitwa Twiyubake Peace Family, ni bimwe mu byafashije umwana kwiyakira. Arakangurira abandi bana bavuka ku babyeyi bakoze jenoside, kutagira ipfunwe ry’ibyo ababyeyi babo bakoze, ahubwo bagafatanya n’abandi kubaka igihugu birinda ingengabitekerezo ya jenoside ngo ibyabaye bitazasubira.

Umuyobozi w’Akarere wungirije ushinzwe ubukungu imari n’iterambere, Uwineza Claudine, yashimye ubuhamya bw’uwo mwana n’ishyirahamwe abo bana bahuriramo kuko birimo gutanga icyizere cy’ejo hazaza. Aragira ati” kubona hari abana bato bishyize hamwe bashingiye ku ngaruka za jenoside biratanga icyizere kuri ejo hazaza h’u Rwanda”.

Uyu muyobozi akomeza asaba abana bose bafite ibikomere bya jenoside kwibumbira mu mashyirahamwe bahuriramo n’abandi, aho kwishora mu biyobyabwenge. Ati ”uyu ni wo muti wo kwiyunga nyawo aho kwishora mu biyobyabwenge”.

Yibukije abari aho ko hari n’abandi bantu bazwi ko babaye ba ruharwa mu gukora jenoside. Avuga ko byaba byiza abana babo na bo begereye abandi mu ishyirahamwe bagafatanya kwomorana ibikomere batewe n’ababyeyi babo.

Ishyirahamwe Twiyubake Peace Family rihuza urubyiruko rwagizweho ingaruka na jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu1994, rugizwe  n’imfubyi za jenoside, abana bavutse kubera ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ryakorewe ababyeyi babo muri jenoside, abavuka ku babyeyi bakoze jenoside ndetse n’imfubyi za jenoside zitazi inkomoko.

Umuyobozi waryo Utamuliza Gisa Fidelité atangaza ko mu bikorwa bakora, bagerageza kumvisha abo bana ko ibyabaye nta ruhare babigizemo, bakabasaba gutahiriza umugozi umwe ngo bubake igihugu. Ati “hishwe ubwoko bumwe ariko ingaruka zigera ku banyarwanda bose”.

Iryo shyirahamwe rikaba ryasabye abakomoka I Nyarubaka gufatanya mu gukora ubuvugizi ku kubaka Ikimenyetso cy’urwibutso cy’abana bagera kuri 76 b’abahungu biciwe aho I Nyarubaka kuri bariyeri ya Kanserege.

Mu karere ka Rulindo hamaze gukusanywa amafaranga arenga miliyoni 1 y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, mu minsi itatu ya mbere y’icyumweru cyo kwibuka ku nshuro ya 18, agamije gufasha abarokotse jenoside bagifite ibibazo kurusha abandi.

Nk’uko bivugwa n’umuyobozi w’akarere ka Rulindo wungirije ushinzwe imari n’iterambere ry’ubukungu Mulindwa Prosper, ngo aya mafaranga amaze kurenga miliyoni imwe, kuko buri munsi haba igikorwa cyo gukusanya iyi nkunga.

Aya mafaranga ngo azakoreshwa harebwa igikorwa cy’ingenzi cyakorerwa abarokotse batishoboye, ku buryo cyabagirira akamaro mu gihe kirekire.

Ati: “niturangiza ibijyanye no gukusanya inkunga, tuzareba uko amafaranga avuyemo angana, maze tube twayagura  nk’ inka zizahabwa abarokotse, ku buryo nabo bazaziturira abandi igihe zizaba zabyaye”.

Kugeza ubu mu karere ka Rulindo buri muryango wacitse ku icumu ufite icumbi, ndetse n’inka byibura imwe, iyi nkunga ikazafasha mu kurushaho kubafasha kwiteza imbere no kuva mu bwigunge.

Umuryango w’Abagide mu Rwanda (AGR) urateganya kwigisha kwihangira umurimo abagore bakennye kurusha abandi mu murenge wa Nyundo mu karere ka Rubavu guhera tariki 15 Mata 2012.

Aba bagore bakaba baratoranyijwe n’abashinzwe imibereho myiza muri uwo murenge bakaba bamwe babana n’ubumuga, ababana n’ubwandu bw’agakoko ka SIDA, abakobwa batashoboye kwiga n’abandi batishoboye.

Nk’uko Alice Mukamazimpaka, umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa AGR abisobanura ngo uyu mushinga uzafasha aba bagore kwigirira icyizere, kwifatira ibyemezo, Kurwanya ubukene mu ngo zabo no kwihangira imirimo. Yagize ati “twahisemo kwigisha uko baroba ifi aho kuyibatamika, kandi ibyo twebze abanyarwandakazi dukeneye ngo twikure mu bukene butudindiza.”

Mu byo bazigishwa cyane cyane bazibanda gukoresha umutungo urangwa mu murenge wabo bakawubyaza umusaruro, Nyuma y’imyaka itatu bazigishwamo bakazahabwa igishoro buri wese ku murimo azaba ashaka gutangiza.

Kugirango intego igerweho AGR ikaba izifashisha indi miryango mu guhugura abazaba baratoranyijwe mu zindi gahunda nk’uburenganzira bwa muntu, kubitsa muri banki, kurwanya ihohoterwa n’ibindi.

AGR ikaba yarafatanyije na Komisiyo y’Abafaransa y’Abagatolika Iharanira Iterambere (CCFD) mu rwego rwo guteza imbere umugore no kurwanya ubukene. Uyu mushinga ukaba uzakorera mu turere dutanu dukora ku kiyaga cya Kivu aritwo Rutsiro, Nyamasheke, Rusizi, Rubavu na Karongi. Buri karere kazahugura abagore 160 bazaba ari 1120 bose hamwe.

Mu gihe kiri imbere  abaturage 240 bakennye kurusha abandi  bo mu tugari 12 two mu karere ka Rubavu bazaba batunze inka, bityo bikazabafasha kwikura mu bukene.

Uyu ni umwe mu myanzuro y’ingenzi yemeranijweho mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo yahuje umuryango ushinzwe iterambere ry’abaturage ADEPE n’ubuyobozi bw’akarere ka Rubavu  ndetse n’abayobozi b’imirenge ine ituwemo abatoranijwe kuzagabirwa ku ikubitiro.

Rubavu,Nyundo,Busasamana na Bugeshi ni yo mirenge yatoranijwemo utugari 12 natwo tuzemezwamo abaturage 240 bakennye kurusha abandi hakurikijwe ibyiciro by’ubudehe bari basanzwe barafashijwemo na ADEPE kwibumbira mu matsinda.

Ushinzwe ibikorwa bya JDAF/Rubavu SENZOGA Emmanuel yerekana ko ibyashingiweho hatoranywa iyo mirenge ari uko irimo abaturage bakennye kurusha abandi, inka zikaba zizabunganira mu kwikenura no guha agakombe k’amata abana babo mu kurwanya imirire mibi.

Nkinamubanzi Fabien ushinzwe imishinga muri ADEPE yatangaje ko umwaka wa 2012 uzarangira izi nka zageze ku batoranyijwe ariko akaba yaratsindagiye ko iyo gahunda inagamije korozanya. Yagize ati “izi nka abazazihabwa bagomba kuzirikana ko nabo
bazaziturira bagenzi babo mu matsinda”.

Iyi nkunga igamije guhashya ubukene hashyigikirwa gahunda ya Girinka Munyarwanda, yateganijwe na ADEPE ku nkunga ya Global Fund.