Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Umusaza wo mu kigero cy’imyaka nka 60 witwa Habiyakare François Xavier, umujyanama w’ubuzima mu Murenge wa Tabagwe mu Karere ka Nyagatare, aratangaza ko kubera inka yakuye muri gahunda ya “Gira inka mujyanama” kuri ubu akamira abaturanyi mu rwego rwo kurwanya imirire mibi kandi na we ngo ikaba imaze kumufasha kwiteza imbere.

Uyu musaza avuga ko koperative yamuhaye inka ihaka, kuri ubu ngo ikaba ikamwa litiro 10 z’amata ku munsi. Akomeza avuga ko muri izo l 10 agurishaho ebyeri gusa andi akifashishwa muri gahunda yo kurwanya imirire mibi mu baturanyi.

Mu buhamya yatanze, ubwo abajyanama b’ubuzima ba Tabagwe bari mu birori byo kwishimira ibyo bamaze kugeraho kuri uyu wa 31/08/2012, Habiyakare akaba yatanze urugero rw’umubyeyi utishoboye uherutse kwibaruka umwana akaba yaramwemereye litiro imwe y’amata ku munsi.

Kubera ko akama litiro eashanu mu gitondo akongera gukama izindi eshanu ku mugoroba, akomeza avuga ko amata akama mu gitondo yayahariye abana bamuzanira ubwatsi. Ati “bazana ubwatsi bagacyura amata nta kindi kiguzi.” Ayo akama ku mugoraba ngo ni yo akuramo litiro 2 agurisha kugera ngo akemure utubazo two mu rugo n’aho andi bakayanwa dore ko afite umuryango munini w’abantu umunani.

Icyo yishimira kurusha byose ariko ngo akaba ari uko umuryango wo ufite ubuzima buzira umuze abikesheje iyo nka. Yagize ati “Kubera ko mfite umuryango w’abantu umunani, niushyuye ibihumbi 24 bya mutual. Byose mbikesha inka nahawe.”

Uretse gukamira abaturanyi no gushingana umuryango mu bwisungane mu kwivuza, uyu musaza anavuga ko iyo nka yamwongereye cyane umusaruro w’ubuhinzi. Avuga ko akarima yari afite ahinga keragamo umufuka umwe w’ibigori none kubera ifumbire ituruka ku nka yakuye muri “Gira inka mujyanama”, ubu ngo yeza imifuka itanu y’ibigori. Ati “Ubu gahunda mfite n’ugukomeza gufata iyi nka neza ikampa amafaranga yo gukora utundu dushinga twanteza imbere.”

Amata mu kirahure

Amata  indyo yuzuye, bityo akaba ashobora kwifashishwa na benshi mu kuvura indwara zikomoka ku mirire mibi, cyane cyane indwara zikomoka ku kubura ibyubaka umubiri (proteins).

Mukamabano Anonciata ushinzwe imirire mu kigo nderabuzima cya Nyankenke mu karere ka Gicumbi avuga ko usanga amata abonekamo ibyubaka umubiri (proteins), amavuta (lipids) n’isukari (glucides) bikenerwa buri munsi mu mubiri.
Ati “ amata kandi yongera kubonekamo imyunyu ngugu ya kalisiyumu (Ca), sodiyumu (Na), potasiyumu (K), manyeziyumu (Mg) na Korore (Cl). Mu gihe iyi myunyu ngugu umubiri utayibonye mu mata biwusaba kuyikura mu bindi biryo bitandukanye kuko usanga ari ingenzi mu mubiri. Icyiza kandi ni uko usanga buri ntungamubiri mu mata iri ku rwego rudakabije mu bwinshi cyangwa mu buke”.

Akomeza avuga ko amata ari ikinyobwa gihindagurika bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye cyangwa ahantu abitswe.

“Muri garama 130 zisigaye ukuyemo amazi ni ho habonekamo garama ziri hagati ya 35 na 50 z’amavuta. Ibigigaye ni ibyubaka umubiri (proteins), ibinyesukari (fats), ibitera imbaraga (lipids) n’ibindi”.

Mu Rwanda kugeza ubu amatungo akunze gukoreshwa mu gutanga amata ni inka n’ihene. Inka ni ryo tungo rinini kandi ritanga amata menshi, ariko na none aya mata akaba agira ingaruka kuri bamwe bitewe n’imiterere y’imibiri yabo.

Ikibazo kiboneka kuri bamwe banywa amata ni aho umubiri wabo uba udashobora neza kugogora aya mata y’inka, ariko bitabujije ko bashobora kunywa amata y’ihene.

Amata y’ihene ni amata adakunzwe cyane cyane muri Afurika, ariko kandi akaba ari yo meza kurusha amata y’inka. Aha bavuga ko ubwiza bw’amata y’ihene bushingiye ku kuba ashobora kunyobwa na buri wese nta ngaruka biteye mu mubiri we.

Umuturage ushima gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana

Ababyeyi bo mu Karere ka Bugesera barishimira ko gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana yatangijwe hirya no hino mu gihugu, kuko yagabanije ibibazo by’indwara zikomoka ku mirire mibi nka bwaki n’izindi.

Nirere Daphrose utuye mu Murenge wa Ntarama avuga ko iyo gahunda yatumye amenya akamaro k’amata ku bana.

Ati “  nyuma y’aho abana banjye babonye amata ubu bameze neza bitandukanye na mbere aho bagaragaragaho ibibazo by’imirire mibi nka bwaki”.

Yishimiye ko gahunda ya Girinka yaje yunganirwa n’iy’inkongoro ku mwana, byatumye abana babo bamera neza ati ‘‘Abana bacu baranywa amata kandi bameze neza, kandi iriya gahunda ya perezida wa repubulika aho buri muturage ahabwa inka iratuma nta bana bakomeza kugarizwa n’imirire mibi’’.

Uretse Nirere ushima gahunda y’inkongoro kuri buri mwana  Mukantaganira Vestine wo mu Murenge wa Musenyi mu karere ka Bugesera nawe ashima gahunda yo gushishikariza abaturage mu guhinga uturima tw’igikoni tweraho imboga nazo zifatwa nk’ingenzi mu mirire y’abana ndetse bakaba banasabwa gutera ibiti byeraho imbuto ziribwa.

Asanga izo gahunda zikwiye kwitabirwa n’abaturage kuko ari bo ziba zashyiriweho, bityo bakarushaho kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange nubw’ abana babo by’umwihariko.

Iyi gahunda y’inkongoro y’umwana mu mashuri abanza nay’inshuke iri hirya no hino mu gihugu, yashyizweho mu rwego rwo gukangurira Abanyarwanda kunywa amata ndetse no gufasha abana bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Amata ni ikinyobwa (cyangwa ikiribwa!) cyihagije ku ntungamubiri zose umubiri w’umuntu ukeneye, ku buryo ubwayo yonyine yatunga umuntu akamererwa neza. Ibi byagaragajwe na Madamu Kaneza Ancilla, umukozi w’umushinga Proxivet, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abana bo ku kigo cy’amashuri abanza cya Kabuga. Hari mu gikorwa cyo kwizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga w’amata.

Nyuma y’imbyino y’abana bo kuri iri shuri ribanza rya Kabuga yagiraga iti: “uwanyoye inka ntayoberana, umubwirwa n’imbavu ndende, umubwirwa n’amaribori, …” Madamu Kaneza yabajije abana akamaro k’amata maze bamusubiza bavuga ko umwana unywa amata yiyongera, akabyibuha, akanagira umubiri unoze.

Madamu Kaneza yongeyeho ko amata abamo ibyubaka umubiri bita poroteyine, akabamo isukari n’amavuta bitera imbaraga ndetse akabamo na vitamine zirinda indwara.

Kalisiyumu na Vitamini D biboneka mu mata bituma umuntu mukuru uyanywa akomera, akagira imbaraga maze akabasha gukora bityo akaniteza imbere.

Umugore unywa byibura ibirahuri bitatu ku munsi by’amata bimurinda kurwara kanseri y’amabere.

Mu rwego rwo gushishikariza abana gukunda amata, Madamu Kaneza yagize ati: “Umwana unywa amata akura neza, ntarwaragurika, aba umuhanga mu ishuri, akazavamo umuntu w’umukire. Niba ababyeyi banyu batabaha amata kandi bakama mubabwire ntibakagurishe amata yose batabahaye. Niba badafite inka bakaba batunze inkwavu, mubabwire bazajye babagurira amata igihe bagurishije aho kubagurira ikigage cyangwa urwagwa”.

Ubworozi bw’ihene za kijyambere bufite akamaro kenshi ku bazoroye aho bavuga ko bazikama bityo bakarwanya imirire mibi baha abana amata bikaba bibarinda no kuba barwara bwaki.

Mukasine Tarisira ni umworozi w’ihene za kijyambere avuga ko amaze igihe kitari gito yoroye ihene za kijyambere aho avuga ko azikama bityo we n’abana be bakabona amata yo kunywa cyangwa se bakayatekamo icyayi, uyu mworozi w’ihene za kijyambere avuga ko kuri we kuba yoroye ihene za kijyambere bimufasha mu guha abana be indyo yuzuye kuko yemeza ko kuba akama ihene abana bakanywa amata ko nta mwana we n’umwe ushobora kurwara bwaki, avuga ko ihene ayikama litiro 2 aho kuri ubu agerageza no guha ku baturanyi amata y’ihene kubaba bafite abana barwaye bwaki cyangwa se baba bagaragara ko bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Mukasine Tarisira atuye mu kagari ka Mareba mu murenge wa Nyarubuye akomeza avuga ko kuriwe korora ihene abona bifite akamaro kuko iyo ayikamye aba azi neza ko afite amata arwanya imirire mibi mu bana akaba akangurira n’abandi baturage kuba bakwitabira korora ihene za kijyambere zikamwa kuko ku baba bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi gikemurwa no kunywa amata y’ihene.

Nyiraneza clothilde agaburira abana anabaha amata

Nyuma yuko intumwa za minisiteri yubuhinzi n’ubworozi zinyuriye mu karere ka Ngororero muri gahunda yo kurwanya imirire mibi mu bana ndetse no ku bantu bakuru, umuyobozi w’akarere wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza akomeje gahunda yo gushishikariza abaturage guha abana amata no kubagaburira indyo yuzuye kugirango bagire ubuzima bwiza.

Nkuko tubikesha impuguke mu by’imirire, amata ngo afite akamaro kanini mu kurwanya imirire mibi kuko akungahaye ku ntungamubiri nyinshi zirimo proteine, ibinyamavuta, imyunyungugu, vitamine A na B12, karisiyumu na feri. Ibi bikaba bitaboneka cyane mu binyampeke no mu binyabijumba akaba ariyo mpamvu uyu muyobozi avuga ko amata abaye make akwiye guharirwa abana, kuko aribo bayakeneye kurusha abandi.

Nyiraneza akangurira abaturage ababwira ko umwana abonye igikombe cy’amata buri munsi yaba abonye intungamubiri zingana na 40% bya protein, 35% bya kalisiyumu, hafi 70% bya vitamine B12, na hafi 14% byibitera imbaraga.

Iyi gahunda yatangijwe na nyakubahwa minisitiri w’intebe w’u Rwanda, akaba yarayitangiriye mu karere ka Nyaruguru. Iyi gahunda yo gukangurira abanyarwanda kunywa amata ikaba ari mu rwego rwo kunoza imirire ihuriweho na za minisiteri, iy’ubuzima, iy’ubuhinzi, iy’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu ndetse n’imiryango itegamiye kuri leta nka Kundamata na UNICEF.

Mu murenge wa Kabatwa mu karere ka Nyabihu, abakene 24 bari barahawe inka muri gahunda ya Girinka Munyarwanda bazituriye bagenzi babo bandi 24 b’abakene inka zabyawe n’izo bari barahawe.

Kabatwa abakene 24 bahawe inka muri gahunda yo kuziturirana

Iki gikorwa cyo gutanga inka ku bakene 24 kikaba cyarabaye kuri uyu wa 8/03/2012, abahawe izi nka bakaba barishimiye cyane inka bahawe, banasezerana ko bagiye kuzifata neza bazitaho uko bikwiriye kugira ngo bazabashe gutera ikirenge mu cya bagenzi babo bazibahaye kugira ngo nabo bazagire abandi bakene bazaziha.

Ibyo ngo bikazatuma bagenda barushaho kwikura mu bukene ku buryo burambye ndetse banarwanya indwara ziterwa n’imirire mibi hakoreshejwe amata azajya aturuka ku nka zabo.

Uretse gahunda yo gutanga inka,abana bagaragaragaho ikibazo cy’imirire mibi bakaba barahawe amata mu rwego rwo kuyirwanya.

Amata agera kuri Litiro zisaga 50 akaba ari yo yahawe abana nk’uko Veterineri w’akarere ka Nyabihu Shingiro Eugene yabidutangarije. Gahunda zo kurwanya ubukene hatangwa inka ku bakene ndetse na gahunda yo guca bwaki n’imirire mibi hitabwa ku bagaragaraho ibyo bibazo bikaba bikomeje mu karere ka Nyabihu.

Mu rwego  rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’imirire mibi mu karere ka Rusizi hashyizweho gahunda y’umunsi umwe buri cyumweru yo gukamira abana amata. Muri iyi gahunda ingo zifite inka zikazajya ziha amata abana bavuka mu miryango idafite inka.

Abari bitabiriye inama

Umuyobozi w’akarere ka Rusizi wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage Nirere Francoise avuga ko iyi gahunda igamije guca ikibazo cy’imirire mibi ibagiraho ingaruka zirimo n’uburwayi.

Nirere agira ati: “Muri buri kagari hari gahunda yo gukamira abana amata buri cyumweru.Ni ukuvuga ko imiryango yoroye inka izajya iha amata abana bavuka mu miryango idafite inka.Ibi bizatuma indwara nka bwaki ziterwa n’imirire mibi zihagarara.”

Mu nama yabaye ku itariki ya 27 Gashyantare 2012 igahuza abakuriye ibigo nderabuzima n’abahashinzwe imirire,abashinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu mirenge,abahagarariye abajyanama b’ubuzima ku bigo nderabuzima n’ushinzwe imirire mu bitaro bikorera mu karere ka Rusizi hafashwe icyemezo cyo guha imbaraga amashuri y’imirire.Aya mashuri y’imirire aba muri buri kagari agamije gutoza ababyeyi imitegurire y’indyo yuzuye igamije kurwanya imirire mibi mu bana.

Niyigarura Pelouse ,umujyanama mu murenge wa Bweyeye mu karere ka Rusizi  avuga ko hakiri abana bafite ibibazo by’imirire mibi hamwe na hamwe.Nirere agira ati: “Iyo dupimye dusanga hari abana bigaragara ko bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.Mu bana bagera ku 2481 tumaze gupima muri izi ntangiriro z’umwaka habonekamo 56 bafite ibibazo by’imirire mibi.”

Ku mpamvu Niyigarura avuga zitera abana kugira ibibazo by’imirire mibi aho usanga ababyeyi bamwe ari abakene nta mikoro ahagije yo guhinduranya amafunguro bagira abandi nabo bakaba badafite ubumenyi bwo gutegura indyo yuzuye.

Ababyeyi barerera mu ishuri ry’incuke rya Buhoro ADEPER mu murenge wa Macuba biyemeje kugenera abana babo amata mu gihe bari ku ishuri, aha akaba ari mu rwego rwo gushyigikira gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana mu bigo by’amashuri.

Nk’uko Uwanyirigira Marie Florence, umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Macuba abivuga, ngo aba babyeyi bishyize hamwe ngo bakemure ikibazo cy’inzara ishobora kwicira abana babo ku ishuri.

“Hari ababyeyi bafite gardienne hafi y’ahangaha ku murenge baravuze bati kugira ngo abana bacu batazajya bicwa n’inzara sa yine, iriya gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana reka tuyitangize.”

Uwanyirigira avuga ko ubuyobozi bw’umurenge bwafashije abo babyeyi gushaka umuntu uzajya abaha amata bakagirana amasezerano, ababyeyi bakaba batanga amafaranga 1000 ku kwezi yo kwishyura ayo mata abana babo bahabwa.

Aba babyeyi barebeye kuri gahunda ya Leta y’inkongoro y’amata ku mwana yatangijwe mu mashuri abanza. Ibigo byagezeho iyi gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana, abayobozi bavuga ko byagize impinduka nziza kuko abana bitabira kwiga kuruta uko byari bisanzwe nk’uko Ndajemariya Jean Nepo, umuyobozi w’ikigo cya REMERA B kibarizwa mu murenge wa kagano abivuga.

“laiterie(ikaragiro) inyange itugemurira amata tukayaha abana kabiri mu cyumweru umwana akaba agenewe litiro mu cyumweru.”

Uyu muyobozi avuga ko abana basigaye baza kwiga ku gihe cyane cyane iyo bari buhabwe amata, ibi bigatuma abarezi bababonera igihe.

Inkongoro y’umwana ni gahunda ireba abana bose b’aba abava mu ngo zitunze inka, abikamishiriza ndetse n’abadafite abushobozi bwo kubona ayo mata.

Iyi gahunda rero yo kugenera umwana wese amata byibura inshuro ebyiri mu cyumweru, yashyizweho kugirango hacike ikibazo cy’indwara zifata abana n’imikurire mibi bitewe no kubura intungamubiri zihagije mu biribwa byabo.

Ntibyoroshye rero ko abana bose babona aya mata n’ubwo atangwa mu mashuri cyane ko hari abana bamwe batajya ku mashuri kuko batarageza igihe cyangwa kubera izindi mpamvu kandi no mu miryango yabo bakaba ntabushobozi buhari bwo kubona ayo mata.

Umuyobozi uhagarariye isangano mboneza muco muri MIJEPROF madamu Niragire Bellancile yasabye ubuyobozi bwa Gisagara ko bwakwita kuri iki kibazo cy’ingo zidafite ubushobozi bwo kubona amata y’abana.

Yanabahaye igitekerezo cyo kuba abaturage bafashanya kuko niba umuturanyi afite inka zikamwa akaba aturanye n’abantu badashobora kubona ayo mata yajya abakamira nka litiro 2 mu cyumweru kandi bikabafasha.

Bitabaye ibyo umuntu waba atanafite izo nka ariko afite ubushobozi akaba yafasha uwo muryango begeranye awukamishiriza kuko amafaranga 500 ya litiro 2 mu cyumweru hariho benshi bashobora kuyabona bitabagoye.

Igikenewe ni uko buri mwana wese wo muri aka karere yajya abasha kubona  amata bybura inshuro 2 mu cyumweru.