Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Mu karere ka Ngororero ingo zirenga ibihumbi 7800 ngo zituye ahantu habi bahanamye ku misozi cyangwa munsi yayo kuburyo bafite ibyago byo guhura n’ibiza nkuko bikunze kugaragara muri aka karere bityo bakaba bagomba kwimurwa.

Amakuru dukesha umuyobozi w’akarere ka Ngororero bwana Gedeon Ruboneza avuga ko aka karere gafite umubare munini w’abaturage bafite icyo kibazo mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda. Kuri ubu, ngo gahunda akarere gafite ni uko abatuye ahantu nkaho bagomba kwimurwa mbere y’uko hongera kuza ibihe by’imvura nyinshi mu rwego rwo kwirinda impfu z’bantu no kwangirika kw’ibintu byabo.

Amazu ni kimwe mubikunze kwibasirwa n’ibiza

Nubwo abayobozi bafashe izo ngamba, muri aka karere haracyagaragara abaturage batitabira iyo gahunda kandi bafite ubushobozi nkuko bigaragara. Ntawuryiha Pascal utuye mu murenge wa Gatumba yemeza ko hari abaturage bakerensa ibintu bibwira ko nta ngaruka cyangwa bagategereza ko Leta ibubakira nyamara nyuma bahura n’ingaruka bagahita bajya mu midugudu.

Umuyobozi w’akarere akaba avuga ko iyo gahunda agomba kubahirizwa kuko iyo abaturage bapfuye hahomba igihugu. Avuga ko abafite ubushobozi bagiye gukurikiranwa bakubaka mu midugudu naho abatishoboye bagahabwa inkunga zo kubagurira ibibanza ndetse bakanahabwa umuganda wo kwikorera ibyo bari bubakishije bigezwa aho bazubaka ku mudugudu.

Mugihe cy’imvura bita itumba giheruka, amazu, imyaka ndetse n’amatungo by’abaturage batuye kuri ubwo buryo byaratikiye ndetse n’abantu 4 bahasiga ubuzima, bityo ibi bikaba bigomba gukemurwa hakiri kare. Muri rusange, mu Rwanda hose abagera kuri 36 bapfuye bishwe n’impanuka zituruka kubiza.

Ubuyobozi bw’akarere ka Muhanga burasaba abaturage bako ko bakwitabira gukosoza amakosa yagaragaye ku byemezo by’ubutaka bahawe, aho kugirango babibike uko biri kuko ngo bishobora kubagiraho ingaruka mbi.

Umuyobozi w’aka karere wungirije ushinzwe imari, ubukungu n’amajyambere, Uhagaze Francois avuga ko hari abantu byagaragaye ko bafite ibyemezo biriho amakosa ariko bakanga kubikosoza bibwira ko arizo nyungu zabo.

Uhagaze ati: “hari abo usanga bafite amagorofa ariko ugasanga ubwo butaka babubaruye nk’ubukaka buhingwaho butishyura, ubibonye atyo agirango arahiriwe kandi nareba nabi bizamugaruka kuko najya muri banki gutanga ingwate kuri iyi nzu nta nguzanyo bazamuha kuko banki yo iba ibona uyihaye ibyemezo by’ubutaka bwo guhingaho”.

Akaba asaba abaturage baba bafite ibyemezo nk’ibyo kubigaragaza aho gukomeza kubihisha cyane ko ngo ubuyobozi butashobora kumenya abafite amakosa.

Avuga ko bagiye gushyiraho abakozi bazaba bashinzwe kureba abantu bafite ibyemezo bifite amakosa kugirango bibe byakosoka. Aha abakuru b’imidugudu bakaba basabwe ubufatanye bwabo kugirango iki kibazo kirangire kuko aribo baba bazi abantu baturanye.

Abaturage b’akarere ka Muhanga, kugeza magingo aya baracyavuga ko bagifite ikibazo cy’ubukode bw’ubutaka buri hejuru kandi bari bemerewe ko bagiye kugabanya ibiciro.

Abagize Koperative Duhugurane-Biringaga, ifite umushinga wo korora inkoko, ikorera mu murenge wa Cyeza ho mu karere ka Muhanga, baravuga ko mu kwezi kumwe n’igice bamaze batangiye korora, babona uyu mushinga uzatanga umusaruro uhagije.

Ariko ngo bafite impungege z’aho bazajya bagurirshiririza umusaruro uzajya uva muri ubu bworozi bwabo.

Iyi koperative imaze ukwezi kumwe n’igice itangiye umushinga w’ubworozi bw’ inkoko zitanga amajyi. Bakurikije uko babona ubworozi bwabo buhagaze, bavuga ko nta mpungenge bazabona umusaruro uhagije. Cyakora ubu ngo bafite impungenge zo kuzabura isoko ry’umusaruro bazabona mu minsi iri imbere.

Mu mezi nk’ane ari imbere ni bwo uyu musaruro ushobora kuba mwinshi ukarenga isoko bafite. umuyobozi wungirije w’iyi koperative Uwera Valentine avuga ko bafite ikibazo cy’aho bazajya bagurishiriza amajyi y’inkoko zabo kuko ngo n’ubwo batangiye uyu mushinga ntaho bigeze babizeza isoko. Avuga ko n’ubwo bazajya bayagurisha mu mujyi nta soko ryizewe bafite. Yongeraho ko bafite isoko bakora iyo bwabaga bakorora inkoko myinshi.

Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Cyeza, Roger Rwiyereka avuga ko bagiye gukora ubuvugizi mu bantu batandukanye bakenera umusaruro kubikomoka ku nkoko nka amahoteli na amarestorant byo mu mujyi wa muhanga ariko iyi koperative ikabona isoko.

Koperative Duhugurane-Biringaga ifite umushinga wo korora inkoko, igizwe n’abanyamuryango 75 baturuka mu tugari twa

Makera na Biringaga ho mu murenge wa Cyeza mu karere ka Muhanga.Iyi koperative imaze ukwezi  kumwe n’igice itangiye umushinga w’ubworozi bw’ inkoko ariko kugeza ubu bafite inkoko zigera kuri 206. Muri iyi minsi  bakaba bafite gahunda yo kuzongera kuko bashaka inkoko zirenga Magana ane mu giha bazaba babonye isoko.

Musabyemariya ni umubyeyi utuye mu Murenge wa Tumba ho mu Karere ka Huye. Ni umwe mu bagize ishyirahamwe ADAR-Tubahoze ryita ku bana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, ariko urebye ni we ukurikirana umunsi ku wundi ibikorerwa aba bana.

Uyu mubyeyi ntabwo yize ibijyanye no kurera bene aba bana, ahubwo impuhwe yumva abafitiye kubera ko azi ko bakeneye urukundo nk’abandi bana, rimwe na rimwe ababyeyi ndetse n’abavandimwe babo babima, ni byo byatumye yiyemeza kurera ab’imfubyi.

Musabyemariya ati “nabyaye abana 2, umutoya muri bo na we yari afite bene iki kibazo. Byatewe n’uko yavutse yananiwe cyane kubera ko urureri rwari rwamwijungurijeho abaganga bakabibona bitinze. Uyu mwana wacu twiyemeje kumurera tumukunze kugeza yitabye Imana afite imyaka 16.”

Mbere ya jenoside yo mu 1994, yari ari mu ishyirahamwe ry’ababyeyi bafite abana bavukanye ubumuga bwo mu mutwe ryitwaga foi et lumière mu rurimi rw’igifaransa, ni ukuvuga ukwemera n’urumuri. Hamwe n’abari muri iri shyirahamwe, bajyaga bafata igihe cyo guhura, bagasenga ndetse bakanungurana ibitekerezo ku kuntu bagomba gukunda abana babo.

Nyuma ya jenoside, bamwe mu babyeyi bari kumwe mu ishyirahamwe bari barapfuye, abandi bari mu buroko, nuko abonye ukuntu abana babo batakigira kirera kubera ko abo bari basigaranye batabashaga kubitaho, yiyemeje kubegeranya kugira ngo abarere.

Buke buke abantu bagiye bamuzanira n’abandi bana batagira ababyeyi bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, maze mu mwaka w’2000 ashinga ishyirahamwe ADAR-Tubahoze, ubuyobozi bw’Akarere na bwo bumuha amazu yahoze akorerwamo na ADAR aherereye aho bita mu Irango ho mu Murenge wa Tumba, Akarere ka Huye, nuko atangira kuharerera abana yari afite icyo gihe.

Atangira kwegeranya aba bana nyuma ya jenoside bari 3, none ubu afite abagera kuri 27 agenda azanirwa n’abantu batandukanye. Icyakora, abana yemera kurera ni abadafite ababitaho, naho ubundi agira inama ababyeyi kwirerera abana no kubaha urukundo kuko baba barukeneye nk’abandi bana basanzwe, bazima.

Kurera abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bisaba ubwitange

Kugeza ubu, inkunga abasha kubona ituma abasha guhemba abarezi batatu bita kuri aba bana umunsi ku wundi, n’undi umwe wita ku mwana umwe bavuza i Goma. Aba barezi na bo bafite ubwitange bukomeye. Twifuje kumenya niba atagira ubwoba ko bakwigendera, maze uyu mubyeyi asubiza agira ati “abarera aba bana ni abantu bafite umuhamagaro wo kwitanga. Abaza hano ni abahoze bari mu babikira hanyuma ubuzima bwaho bukabananira, nuko bakaza gukomereza umurimo w’urukundo bari biyemeje hano.”

Kurera aba bana bisaba gufata igihe cyo kwiga buri wese, ukamenya ibyo akunda, ibimushimisha n’ibimubabaza kugira ngo umenye aho uhera umwereka ko umukunze. Nta wuhuza imiterere n’undi.

Uyu murimo rero ntabwo woroshye. Bikubitiyeho ko hari abo usanga badashoboye kwigaburira, abandi kwiyuhagira cyangwa kumenya ko bakeneye kujya ku musarane, nta wabura kuvuga ko abakora uyu murimo bawukorera ko bafite urukundo, kandi ko nta n’indi nyungu baba bawutezemo cyane ko inkunga babona idatuma bahembwa n’agatubutse.

Bamwe mu bantu babana n’ubumuga butandukanye bo mu karere ka Ngororero, bavuga ko bafite ikibazo cyo kutagira insimburangingo n’inyunganirangingo zibafasha mu mibereho yabo bakaba basaba ko inyunganirangingo n’insimburangingo zabo byakwishyurwa n’ubwisungane mu kwivuza (mituelle de santé) kuko uburyo bihenda batapfa kubyigurira dore ko nta n’ubushobozi bafite.

Nubwo bafite ubumuga ngo bitaweho bakora byinshi

Habumugisha Faustin uhagarariye abamugaye bo mu murenge wa Ngororero yadutangarije ko iki kibazo kibabangamiye cyane ku buryo kutazigira bituma hari abatabasha gukora kandi bari kubishobora, ariko ngo iki kibazo kikazahaza abana bato bakenera kujya mu ishuli ndetse bikanabadindiza mu mikurire yabo.

Uretse kutaborohereza gukora, ngo binatuma batabasha kubahiriza zimwe muri gahunda za leta nk’abandi baturage.  Ababana n’ubumuga batandukanye muri aka karere bavuga ko uretse bamwe bagira amahirwe yo gufashwa n’abantu ku giti cyabo ndetse n’abana bamwe bitabwaho n’abihaye Imana, abandi ngo kwirwanaho ngo babone izo nsimburangingo n’inyunganirangingo ntibiborohera.

Umudepite mu nteko ishinga amategeko uhagarariye ababana n’ubumuga Honorable Rwaka Pierre Claver avuga ko ubundi hari itegeko rivuga ko ubwisungane mu kwivuza buzajya bwishyura ibi bikoresho ariko hakavuka ikibazo kuko usanga ababicuruza akenshi ari abikorera ku giti cyabo bityo ntibemere kubitanga batishyuwe amafaranga yose. Gusa yizeza ko iki  kibazo azakiganiraho na minisiteri y’ubuzima bakareba uko iki kibazo cyabonerwa umuti mu minsi ya vuba.

Ikindi iyi ntumwa ya rubanda isaba abantu bose ni ukugira umutima w’urukundo n’impuhwe bagafasha ababana n’ubumuga cyane cyane abana bato haba aho batuye iwabo ndetse no kwitabira gahunda zitandukanye zigamije gufasha abafite ubumuga nka gahunda ya “Ngeraho umpumurize cyangwa unyoherereze SMS” yashyizweho kugira ngo ifashe abana babana n’ubumuga baba mu bigo bya gatagara, aho utabashije kujyayo yohereza ijambo gatagara kuri 3727 maze amafaranga 500 agenda kuri ubwo butumwa akazafashishwa abo bana.

Ababana n’ubumuga

Umuyobozi w’akarere ka Bugesera arasaba imiryango yose kumva no guharanira uburenganzira bw’umwana ufite ubumuga kuko na we akeneye gutezwa imbere nk’abandi, ibyo yabivugiye mu birori byo kwizihiza umunsi w’umwana w’umunyafurika wizihizwa ku itariki ya 16 Kamena.

Umuyobozi w’akarere ka Bugesera Rwagaju Louis yasabye abitabiriye ibyo birori kwita ku bana bafite ubumuga, hakubahirizwa uburenganzira bwabo haba mu kwiga mu kwisanzura no mu zindi gahunda nk’’uko Leta ihora iharanira ubwo burenganzira

Ati “ niyo mpamvu Leta ishyiraho ibikorwa remezo bijyanye n’imiterere y’ababana n’ubumuga, haba mu bigo by’amashuri aho bagira intebe zijyanye imiterere bafite ndetse bakanagira aho biherera ndetse n’imiturirwa arimo kubakwa ubu hashyizweho amategeko ko bagomba kugira inzira y’ababana n’ubumuga”.

Ibi birori byabimburiwe n’imikino y’abafite ubumuga, amakinamico, imivugo n’imbyino, bigusha ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti “turengere umwana, twubahe kandi duteze imbere uburengenzira bw’abana bafite ubumuga, kandi harandurwe imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana”.

Muri ayo makinamico herekanwaga ukuntu bamwe mu babyeyi batari bahindura imyumvire, bakavunisha abana imirimo, kubabwira nabi, kubabuza uburengenzira bwo kwiga n’ibindi.

Ntirenganya Vestine ni umwe mu babana n’ubumuga akaba aturuka mu murenge wa Ririma mu karere ka Bugesera, avuga ko n’ubwo ubuyobozi bugenda bwigisha abaturage.

Ati “ haracyari ababyeyi batarumva neza uburenganzira bw’umwana ufite ubumuga, bityo ubuyobozi bukaba bukwiye guhozaho mu nyigisho kandi ababyeyi nabo bakitabira ibiganiro bitangirwamo inyigisho”.

Muri ibyo birori hahembwe abana bagiye bagaragaza imikino, imivugo n’imbyino birasa ku nsanganyamatsiko, abana bose bitabiriye ibyo birori bahabwa bimwe mu bikoresho by’ishuri.

Umuyobozi wungirije w’akarere ka Burera ushinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage arasaba ababyeyi kurera uko bikwiye abana babo cyane cyane bita ku bana bafite ubumuga kuko nabo ari abana nk’abandi.   Kuri uyu wa mbere tariki ya 11/06/2012 mu karere ka Burera ubwo hatangizwaga icyumweru cyahariwe umwana w’umunyafurika, Uwambajemariya Florence yavuze ko ababyeyi bakwiye kwita ku burere bw’abana bose. Yagize ati “ababyeyi bagomba gufasha abana bose by’umwihariko umwana ufite ubumuga bakamufasha, bakamubona nk’umwana nk’abandi, ko afite uburenganzira nk’ubw’abandi bana: akaba afite uburenganzira bwo kwiga, kwivuza ndetse n’ibindi byose byatuma agira ubuzima bwiza”.

Muri uwo muhango wabereye ku murenge wa Kinoni mu karere ka Burera hagaragajwe ko hari bamwe mu babyeyi muri ako gace bahisha abana babo bafite ubumuga. Babahisha abashyitsi baje kubasura ndetse ngo ugasanga abo bana baravukijwe uburenganzira bwabo. Umuntu yaremwe mu ishusho y’Imana kandi afite ubwenge buruta ubw’ibindi biremwa niyo mpamvu ubwo bwenge Imana yamuhaye agomba kubukoresha afasha mugenzi we batameze kimwe, abantu bakuzuzanya  nk’uko Uwambajemariya yabisobanuye. Yakomeje asaba abana nabo kurangwa n’ikinyabupfura mu miryango yabo kandi bakurukira mu ishuri kugira ngo batsinde.

Abana nabo barashishikarizwa gufashanya, bafasha cyane cyane bagenzi babo bafite ubumuga nk’uko yakomeje abisobanura. Ufite ubumuga ku mubiri wese arashoboye kuko akoresha izindi ngingo zasigaye akabasha kwiteza imbere. Ubumuga bubi ni ubwo mu mutwe nk’uko Uwambajemariya abihamya. Icyumweru cy’umwana w’umunyafurika cyatangiye tariki ya 11/06/2012, kizakomeza kugeza tariki ya 16/06/2012 ari nabwo hazizihizwa nyir’izina umunsi mukuru w’umwana w’Umunyafurika. Insanganyamatsiko y’uyu mwaka igira iti “Turengere, twubahe, duteze imbere uburenganzira bw’abana babana n’ubumuga kandi turandure imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana”. Umunsi mukuru w’umwana w’umunyafurika washyizweho n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’Afurika mu mwaka wa 1990 mu rwego rwo kurengera uburenganzira bw’umwana bwarimo buteshwa agaciro hirya no hino muri Afurika.  

Umugabo witwa SEMASUKA Alphred utuye mu kagali ka Gatega mu murenge wa Hindiro umaze imyaka 25 abana n’uburwayi bwo munda butuma adakora imirimo y’ingufu nko guhinga n’ibindi bitunga abantu batuye mu cyaro avuga ko abantu bafite uburwayi bose cyangwa abafite ubumuga budakira badakwiye kubaho basabiriza kuko bitera isoni n’icyubahiro gike mu muryango nyarwanda.

Uyu mugabo ufite imyaka isaga 60 y’amavuko akaba yarashatse umwuga wo kumutunga adasabirije kuva mu 1987 maze aza kwigira inama yo kudoda imyenda ishaje (kuyisana no kuyiteramo ibiraka) akoresheje imashini nto bita icyarahani ubu akaba atanga ubuhamya bwo kutiringira inkunga ahubwo abantu bose bagahagurukira gukora.

Semasuka

Ubwo twamusangaga aho akorera ako kazi kaburimunsi yicaye kurubaraza rw’inzu Semasuka yagize ati “ ubwo nari mu gihugu cya Uganda mu mwaka wa 98, nabayeho nabi kubera uburwayi nyuma nza kubona ko abantu baho nta rukondo bamfitiye maze mpitamo kugura icyarahani ku mafaranga nari ngujije mugenzi wanjye w’umunyarwanda maze ntangira kwikorera. Uyu mwuga wongeye kundwanaho ndi mu buhungiro muri zayire. Sinigeze nicwa ninzara hamwe n’abantu banjye. Nanubu ntunze umuryango w’abantu 5 kubera aka kazi”.

Uyu mugabo akomeza avuga ko nubwo ntamuntu yavuga amazina, ariko hari abitwaza uburwayi bafite nabo ntibakore ngo bibesheho akabagira inama yo gushakisha kuko akimuhana kaza imvura ihise. Iyo urebye uyu mugabo wakeka ko yabuze amafaranga yo kugura imashini ifite amaguru, ariko siko bimeze ahubwo ngo ahitamo gukoresha imashini inyongeshwa intoki kugirango abone uko ayicyura mu rugo itamugoye. Ikindi kandi ngo ni n’uburyo bwo gushaka abakiriya bo murwego ruciriritse kuko ngo abantu basanisha imyenda bakunda bene aba bantu naho abadodesha imishyashya bagahitamo abantu bakiri bato kandi babyize mu mashuli.

Gusa Semasuka anavuga ko Leta ikwiye kujya yorohereza abantu nkawe bashaje cyangwa bafite ubumuga ariko bakagaragaza ubushake mu gukora. Aranahamagarira abantu bafite ikibazo cy’amikoro gutangirira kubintu bito bakazagenda bazamuka.

Ababyeyi bagera kuri 40 b’abana bafite ubumuga bibumbiye mu itsinda “Abishyize hamwe”, batijwe umurima wo guhinga n’urwunge rw’amashuri St Jean Bosco rwo ku Kamonyi, kugira ngo barusheho gutera imbere , maze babone uko bita ku bana ba bo.

Mu muhango wo gutangiza ku mugaragaro, igikorwa cyo guhinga umurima ufite ubuso bwa hegitari 1, urwunge rw’amashuri  St Jean Bosco rwo ku kamonyi rwatije ababyeyi bafite abana bafite ubumuga, wabaye kuri uyu wa gatatu tariki 9/5/2012, abo babyeyi basabwe guharanira kwiteza imbere kugirango babone uko bita ku bana ba bo uko bikwiye.

Ukuriye iryo tsinda Nyirahabineza Emilienne, atangaza ko bagize igitekerezo cyo gusaba umurima ishuri kuko babonaga ko bakeneye kugira igikorwa bahuriyeho kuko bahuje ibibazo byo kugira abana bafite ubumuga. Uwo murima batijwe rero ngo bakaba bateganya kuwuhingamo imyumbati .

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Gacurabwenge Marthe Umugiraneza, yashimiye abo babyeyi bagize igitekerezo cyo gusaba uwo murima ishuri kuko n’ubundi wari igisambu kibereye aho. Abasaba kuwubyaza umusaruro bakiteza imbere kuko batakohereza abana ba bo ku ishuri bashonje.

Abo babyeyi bafite abana bafite ubumuga basanzwe bafatanya n’abarimu bigisha  kuri icyo kigo, kwita ku bana bafite ubumuga bahiga, akaba ari yo mpamvu ubuyobozi bw’ikigo butashoboraga kubima umurima wo guhinga ngo biteze imbere . Ushinzwe amasomo ku rwunge rw’amashuri St Jean Bosco, Munyarukundo Egide,  aragira ati “ntitwari kubima umurima kandi twizera ko nibatera imbere n’abanyeshuri bacu bazarushaho kubaho neza”.

Umurima batijwe uherereye mu kagari ka Nkingo, umurenge wa Gacurabwenge, munsi y’ikigo cy’ababikira b’abakalarisa, bakaba bazawuhingamo imyumbati.

Bamwe mu banduye agakoko gatera SIDA mu bo mu karere ka Muhanga mu ntara y’Amajyepfo, baratangaza ko mu miryango babamo ndetse n’abaturanyi babo bakigaragaza kubanena ku buryo bukabije.

Assoumpta Kampororo umubyeyi w’abana batatu wanduye agakoko gatera SIDA, avuga ko imiryango ifite ababana n’ubwandu ikinena ku buryo bukabije abo bantu.

Ati: “hari ubwo nk’umuntu wo mu muryango abwira uwanduye ikigambo kimukomeretsa kuburyo kimushegesha, hari abo wumva ngo ‘reba ni imyenda yigendera nta muntu urimo’ kandi amagambo nkaya akayakwibwirira atayacishije no ku bandi”.

Mukagasana Devota we avuga ko iri nena rikigaragara ahanini mu mashuri aho abana banduye, bagenzi babo babagendera kure ngo batabanduza. Ibi ngo usanga babikura ku babyeyi babo kuko ngo hari abo babaza bagasanga baba barabibwiwe n’ababyeyi babo.

Abandi bagararwaho no kwibasirwa cyane ngo ni abana bafite ababyiyi babana n’ubwandu, kuko ndo ku mashuri nabo banenwa. Kampororo ati: “jye nigiriye ku kigo kwihaniza abanyeshuri baho kuko bamwiye ko bibasira abana bafite ababyi banduye. Iyo bari mu bandi barabakomeretsa ngo ababyeyi bawe niba nyakwigendera ntaho bahagaze n’ibindi”.

Kampororo avuga ko abanduye bafite itegeko ribarengera, bityo ngo umuntu wajya ugaragarwaho n’ihohoterwa cyangwa inenwa ngo akwiye kumenya uburenganzira bwe akagana amategeko akamurenganura.