Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Hashize amezi hafi atandatu hatangijwe gahunda yo gukura abana mu bigo barererwamo bakajya kurererwa mu miryango. Ingengo y’imari y’umwaka utaha izatangirana n’ukwezi gutaha kwa Nyakanga, izatangirana n’ibikorwa byo gufasha aba bana gushyirwa mu miryango. Ni muri urwo rwego abashinzwe imibereho myiza mu mirenge hamwe n’abashinzwe irangamimerere ndetse n’abayobora ibigo by’imfubyi bo mu Ntara y’amajyepfo bahawe amahugurwa abategura gufasha muri iki gikorwa kuva tariki ya 26 kugeza kuya 27 Kamena.

Aya mahugurwa yateguwe n’Inama y’Igihugu y’abana hamwe na komisiyo y’igihugu yo gusezerera abasirikare no kubasubiza mu buzima basanzwe, yeretse abari batumiwe mu mahugurwa ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bana barererwa mu bigo ndetse na gahunda n’ingamba Leta y’u Rwanda yafashe mu kubashyira mu miryango akaba ari ho barererwa.

Abashinzwe imibereho myiza ndetse n’irangamimerere mu mirenge barasabwa kuzafasha muri iki gikorwa cyo gusubiza abana mu miryango basobanurira abaturage akamaro k’iki gikorwa ndetse bakanagira uruhare mu kumenya imiryango iziyemeza kwakira aba bana, bareba niba koko bakwiye kubakira.

Aba bakozi b’imirenge kandi nibo bazamenya niba abakiriye abana biyemeje kubagira ababo (adoption), cyangwa niba biyemeje kubarera kugeza bakuze bakabasha kwirwanaho. Ibi bizagaragarira mu masezerano aba babyeyi bazakira abana bazagirana n’aba bayobozi, hanyuma inyandiko zigashyingurwa mu biro by’imirenge.

Abashinzwe imibereho myiza banasabwa kuzakurikiranira hafi abana igihe bageze mu miryango yabo cyangwa ibarera, bakareba ko impamvu zari zatumye bakurwa cyangwa bava muri iyi miryango zidasubira.

Mukantabana Seraphine, Komiseri muri komisiyo y’igihugu yo gusezerera abasirikare no kubasubiza mu buzima basanzwe ati “Kera umwana wese yarererwaga mu muryango. Mu kazi mushinzwe ka buri munsi muharanire ko nta bana barererwa mu bigo by’imfubyi bazongera kubaho. Abafite ababyeyi bazasubizweyo ababyeyi babo babiteho, ababuriwe inkomoko bakirwe n’ababyeyi b’impuhwe, abakuru baremerwe, bafashwe kwitunga.”

Umuyobozi wa gahunda yaguye igamije gushakira abana babaga mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi ingo babamo arahamya ko hakwiye gufatwa ingamba zo gufunga ibyo bigo kuko aho ibyo bigo bigaragara hose bitera igishuko abahaturiye kubijyanamo abana.

Ngo ahari ibigo byakira abana, abantu basa n’abitabira kubatererana ku bwinshi

Nyinawagaga Claudine ukuriye umuryango witwa Hope and Homes for Children twakwita Buri Mwana Mu Muryango yatangaje ko mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Rwanda, imibare minini y’abana batereranwa n’iwabo bakajyanwa mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi ari abaturiye ibyo bigo.

Madamu Nyinawagaga ati “Ibyo twabonye mu bushakashatsi bigaragaza ko ahari ibigo byakira abana wagira ngo bishishikaza ababituriye kutarera abana babo kuko usangamo abana benshi kandi bakomoka hafi aho, ababyeyi cyangwa imiryango yabo yarabaragije muri ibyo bigo, aho baba bibwira ko babaho neza kurusha.”

Mu mpamvu zivugwa n’abafite abana baba mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi, bamwe bavuga ko baba baravukiye mu rugo rurimo abana benshi, ababyeyi bagahitamo gusa n’abaragiza abana bamwe hafi aho mu bigo byakira abana batagira aho baba. Uyu mwana w’imyaka 15 ati “Tuba twaravutse mu muryango turi abana benshi, bikananira umubyeyi kuturera, hanyuma bakatuzana mu kigo kugira ngo dufashwe kwiga.”

Undi mugore nawe yagize ati “Ubundi njye ndi umukene. Umukobwa wanjye yapfuye abyara, ansigira uruhinja, nanirwa kurera impinja ebyiri, rumwe ndujyana mu kigo, aho nakurikiranaga buri munsi uko abayeho.”

Uyu nawe yabwiye abakoraga ubushakashatsi ko nyina yari amaze gupfa kandi afite abana benshi, agahitamo kumuzana. Ababajijwe mu bushakashatsi ariko bahuriza ku mpamvu imwe nini kurusha izindi, bati “Ni uko ibigo bihari.”

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ariko yamaze gufata icyemezo muri Werurwe uyu mwaka cyo gushakira imiryango abana bose baba mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi, ndetse hagakemurwa impamvu zose zatuma hagira abandi bana bava mu miryango yabo, mu mwaka wa 2014 mu Rwanda hakazaba hatakirangwa umwana n’umwe udafite umuryango arererwamo. Iyi miryango izarererwamo abana, ni imiryango karemano abo bana baba bakomokamo n’ubundi, ababa ari imfubyi bakazarererwa mu ngo z’abandi baturage baziyemeza kubakira bakabarera.

Kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda harabarurwa abana 3323 bacumbikiwe mu bigo 33 hirya no hino mu gihugu. Mu Rwanda hari nanone imiryango y’abaturage bitwa ba Malayika Murinzi barera abana batabyaye ku mubiri, ariko bakabagira abana babo, bakabarera nk’uko barera abana babo.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Hope&Homes for Children, bafatanyije na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’abana, bwagaragaje ko abana benshi barererwa mu bigo by’imfubyi atari zo. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe hagamijwe kumenya abana bari mu bigo by’imfubyi, uko babayeho n’uko bitabwaho.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bana 3153 bari mu bigo 33, bwagaragaje ko 32,9% ari bo bonyine badafite ababyeyi bombi. Abandi baba mu bigo by’imfubyi ni abafite ba se gusa (21%), abatoraguwe, abaturuka mu miryango ikennye, abakomoka ku babyeyi barwaye mu mutwe cyangwa bafunze ndetse n’ababuranye n’ababyeyi mu gihe cy’intambara.

Abenshi muri aba bana bari munsi y’imyaka 14, kandi abenshi ni abahungu (55%). 18% bonyine ni bo batiga kuko baba bararangije amashuri yisumbuye, bakiri batoya cyane, cyangwa bafite ubumuga bubabuza kujya ku ishuri.  Gusa, harimo n’abakuze cyane, kuko ngo hari n’uwo basanze afite imyaka 36 !

Muri rusange, ababyeyi bumva ko kuba bakennye bagomba gushaka abandi babarerera abana babyaye. Ababyeyi b’abagabo bo ni ibindi kuko bananirwa kurera imfubyi bagahitamo kujya kuzireresha. Aha umuntu yakwibaza niba abagore bandi baba barashatse baramutse bapfuye, abana babyaranye na bo bazabajyana mu bigo birera imfubyi. Ikibabaje kurushaho, ni uko aba bana bari mu bigo birera imfubyi, 34,5% ari bo bonyine basurwa n’imiryango yabo.

Ikindi cyagaragaye, ni uko amafaranga agenda ku bana bari mu bigo by’imfubyi ari menshi cyane: umwana umwe agendwaho n’amafaranga 2.900 ku munsi, 87.600 ku kwezi, ni ukuvuga 1.051.513 ku mwaka. Nyinawagaga Claudine, umuyobozi wa Hope&Homes for Children mu Rwanda, ati: “aya mafaranga ashyizwe mu miryango aba bana baturukamo, akenshi iba inakennye, yagirira akamaro n’abandi bo mu rugo. ”

Ku rundi ruhande, ngo “abana boherezwa mu bigo by’imfubyi kuko bihari”. Ikigaragaza ko ibi ari byo, ni uko abana bo mu Karere ka Burera bari mu bigo by’imfubyi ari 7 gusa. Kubera ko nta bene ibi bigo bihaba, iyo ababyeyi b’abana bapfuye barerwa n’abo mu miryango yabo (ba nyirakuru, ba nyirarume, ba nyirasenge, …)

Nyinawagaga ati: “gukurira mu bigo ntibifasha abana gukura mu buryo basanzwe. Bakura bumva ko hari abagomba kubakorera byose, ntibamenye kwirwanaho kuko babona barya ibyo batazi uko bishakwa. Bakura batazi kubana n’abandi. Hari n’abaharwarira: byagaragaye ko hari abana bazana amagara kubera kutitabwaho, nyamara bagera mu miryango ibarera bakabaheka bagakira.”

Abana rero bakeneye gukurira mu miryango. Abanyarwanda bari bakwiye gusubira kuri wa muco wa kera ko umwana ari uw’umuryango, umubyeyi yapfa abandi bakamurerera aho kujyana abana kuba ahantu bazakura nta rukundo ruhagije rwa kibyeyi bafite, batagira n’ababyeyi bigiraho imico dore ko abakora mu bigo birera imfubyi bahora bahindagurika. Nta wagaya abashyiraho ibigo nk’ibi kuko baba babitewe no kubona abana bandagaye batagira ababitaho. Ariko na none kurererwa mu muryango biraruta.