Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Imiryango yakiriye abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside irasabwa kutigwizaho imitungo abo bana basigiwe n’ababyeyi babo yitwaje ko ibarera. Imitungo y’abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside ikunze gukoreshwa nabi, ngo ni amasambu n’amazu.

Tariki 22/06/2012, akarere ka Kayonza kibutse abarwayi n’abakoraga mu nzego z’ubuzima bishwe mu gihe cya Jenoside. Kagimbura Ndeze Jean Baptiste uhagarariye imiryango ifite abayo biciwe i Rwinkwavu muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi,  yavuze ko bimaze kugaragara ko hari imwe mu miryango yagiye yigwizaho imitungo y’abana b’imfubyi ikayikoresha nabi kandi ari yo igomba kuzabeshaho abo bana mu minsi iri imbere.

Yasabye ko imiryango yagiye ikora amakosa nk’ayo yakurikiranwa kugira ngo imitungo y’abo bana b’imfubyi igaruzwe mu maguru mashya, anashishikariza indi miryango ifite abana irera kwirinda gukora amakosa nk’ayo.

By’umwihariko icyo kibazo ngo gikomereye abana bagiye basigara badafite umubyeyi n’umwe, kuko ari bo bagomba kwiyubakira ubuzima bwabo bw’ahazaza. Imitungo bagiye basigirwa n’ababyeyi babo ngo ni yo igomba kubafasha, haba mu kurihira amashuri barumuna babo, no kwiteza imbere mu buryo busanzwe nk’uko Kagimbura akomeza abivuga.

Cyakora nubwo ngo hari aho icyo kibazo cyagaragaye, nta mibare ntakuka y’imiryango yaba yarakoze ayo makosa yari yamenyekana. Gusa abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze barasabwa kujya bakurikirana neza imiryango yakiriye abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside kugira ngo hamenyekane niba iyo miryango itarabakiriye igamije kubarira imitungo.

Umuyobozi wa gahunda yaguye igamije gushakira abana babaga mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi ingo babamo arahamya ko hakwiye gufatwa ingamba zo gufunga ibyo bigo kuko aho ibyo bigo bigaragara hose bitera igishuko abahaturiye kubijyanamo abana.

Ngo ahari ibigo byakira abana, abantu basa n’abitabira kubatererana ku bwinshi

Nyinawagaga Claudine ukuriye umuryango witwa Hope and Homes for Children twakwita Buri Mwana Mu Muryango yatangaje ko mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Rwanda, imibare minini y’abana batereranwa n’iwabo bakajyanwa mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi ari abaturiye ibyo bigo.

Madamu Nyinawagaga ati “Ibyo twabonye mu bushakashatsi bigaragaza ko ahari ibigo byakira abana wagira ngo bishishikaza ababituriye kutarera abana babo kuko usangamo abana benshi kandi bakomoka hafi aho, ababyeyi cyangwa imiryango yabo yarabaragije muri ibyo bigo, aho baba bibwira ko babaho neza kurusha.”

Mu mpamvu zivugwa n’abafite abana baba mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi, bamwe bavuga ko baba baravukiye mu rugo rurimo abana benshi, ababyeyi bagahitamo gusa n’abaragiza abana bamwe hafi aho mu bigo byakira abana batagira aho baba. Uyu mwana w’imyaka 15 ati “Tuba twaravutse mu muryango turi abana benshi, bikananira umubyeyi kuturera, hanyuma bakatuzana mu kigo kugira ngo dufashwe kwiga.”

Undi mugore nawe yagize ati “Ubundi njye ndi umukene. Umukobwa wanjye yapfuye abyara, ansigira uruhinja, nanirwa kurera impinja ebyiri, rumwe ndujyana mu kigo, aho nakurikiranaga buri munsi uko abayeho.”

Uyu nawe yabwiye abakoraga ubushakashatsi ko nyina yari amaze gupfa kandi afite abana benshi, agahitamo kumuzana. Ababajijwe mu bushakashatsi ariko bahuriza ku mpamvu imwe nini kurusha izindi, bati “Ni uko ibigo bihari.”

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ariko yamaze gufata icyemezo muri Werurwe uyu mwaka cyo gushakira imiryango abana bose baba mu bigo byitwa iby’imfubyi, ndetse hagakemurwa impamvu zose zatuma hagira abandi bana bava mu miryango yabo, mu mwaka wa 2014 mu Rwanda hakazaba hatakirangwa umwana n’umwe udafite umuryango arererwamo. Iyi miryango izarererwamo abana, ni imiryango karemano abo bana baba bakomokamo n’ubundi, ababa ari imfubyi bakazarererwa mu ngo z’abandi baturage baziyemeza kubakira bakabarera.

Kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda harabarurwa abana 3323 bacumbikiwe mu bigo 33 hirya no hino mu gihugu. Mu Rwanda hari nanone imiryango y’abaturage bitwa ba Malayika Murinzi barera abana batabyaye ku mubiri, ariko bakabagira abana babo, bakabarera nk’uko barera abana babo.

Ibi byagaragajwe na Mukakayange Marie Jeannette, umuyobozi wa Centre Girimpuhwe. Iki kigo ayobora kiri i Gatsibo. Cyahoze kirera imfubyi, none ubu cyahindutse ikigo cy’iterambere.

Mukakayange avuga ko mu w’1999, iki kigo cye cyareraga imfubyi 52. Yabonaga inkunga ya Minisiteri y’iterambere ry’umuryango gusa. Kurera abana bangana gutya ntibyari bimworoheye.

Ibi byatumye yiyemeza gutera urutoki mu isambu nini afite. Kubera ko nta handi yashoboraga gukura ifumbire, yatangiye kuzajya yifashisha inkari z’ababa mu kigo : yabageneye aho kwihagarika n’aho kwituma. Inkari rero yazivangaga n’amazi zigafumbizwa rwa rutoki. Uru rutoki rero rwagiye ruvamo ibitoki byo kurya n’ibyo kugurisha.

Kubera ko yari afite abana b’inshuke bakeneye kwiga bagera kuri makumyabiri, yabashingiye shitingi yo kwigiramo maze akajya yakira n’abandi bana bo hafi y’ikigo bakeneye kwiga. Amafaranga aba bana bandi batangaga ni yo yavagamo ariha abarimu.

Aho Leta y’u Rwanda ivugiye ko abana bagomba kuva mu bigo by’imfubyi bakajya kurererwa mu miryango, 46 mu bana yari afite yababoneye imiryango yo kubamo, maze asigarana 6 n’ubu bakiri kumwe. Aba yashyize mu miryango na n’ubu akurikirana uko babayeho.

Kubera ko nta nkunga abona, yiyemeje gushaka aho yakura ibyo gufashisha aba bana: ubu atunze ingurube 50 za kijyambere n’inkoko 1000. Arateganya ko mu myaka ibiri azoroza ba bana ingurube, kandi ko nizimara kubyara na bo bazagenda boroza abaturanyi babo.

Nyiramatama Zaina, umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’igihugu y’abana, ashima iki gikorwa cya Mukakayange. Ibi binahuje n’ibyo Leta y’u Rwanda isaba ibigo birera imfubyi muri iki gihe. Yunzemo agira ati : « ibigo birera imfubyi bishobora guhinduka amashuri, ibigo by’iterambere, … kandi bigakomeza gukurikirana abana byareraga aho bari mu miryango yabo. Ibi byagirira akamaro abaturage bo mu turere ibi bigo birimo, kandi n’abana bagakurira mu miryango bishimye. »

Iki ni icyifuzo cya Niwemugeni Christine, Visi Meya ushinzwe imibereho myiza mu Karere ka Huye. Yabwiraga abari bitabiriye inama ku ngamba zo gukura abana mu bigo birera imfubyi bakajya kurererwa mu miryango. Iyi nama yari yatumiwemo abarebwa n’iki kibazo bo mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo.

Icyamuteye gutanga iki cyifuzo, ni uko ngo yabonye kubonera abana imiryango ibakira bigoye. Yagize ati: “Mu minsi yashize, hano mu Karere ka Huye twari dufite abana 6 twagombaga gushakira imiryango babamo. Babiri babashije kubona ababakira, bitugoye, 3 tubohereza mu kigo cy’imfubyi cyo ku Nyundo. Undi umwe ubu ari mu bitaro bya Kabutare.”

Visi Meya rero asanga abayobozi batanze urugero rwiza, n’abandi bantu baboneraho kwemera kwakira abana bavuye mu bigo birera imfubyi kuko baba bakeneye imiryango yo kubakira.

Bamwe mu bari mu nama bemeranya na we, gusa usanga abenshi babivuga basa n’aho bagomba kubyerekeza ku bandi batari bo. Umwe muri bo yagize ati: “Ngira akazi gatuma ntaboneka mu rugo. N’abanjye barambuze. Ni gute nakwiha gutwara umwna ntazabonera umwanya wo kwitaho bihagije kandi aba aje akeneye ababyeyi?”

Undi na we yagize ati: “Mfite umwana umwe, kandi numva icyambera cyiza ari ukumubonera uwo bakinana. Muzanye, byasaba ko mujyana kwiga mu ishuri nk’iryo uwanjye yigamo kandi rimpenda. Amafaranga y’abana babiri sinayabona.”

Icyakora, n’ubwo aba bana barenga ibihumbi bitatu, koko abayobozi biyemeje kubakira ikibazo cyahita kirangira, kuko nab o ubwabo atari bakeya.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Hope&Homes for Children, bafatanyije na Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’abana, bwagaragaje ko abana benshi barererwa mu bigo by’imfubyi atari zo. Ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe hagamijwe kumenya abana bari mu bigo by’imfubyi, uko babayeho n’uko bitabwaho.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwakorewe ku bana 3153 bari mu bigo 33, bwagaragaje ko 32,9% ari bo bonyine badafite ababyeyi bombi. Abandi baba mu bigo by’imfubyi ni abafite ba se gusa (21%), abatoraguwe, abaturuka mu miryango ikennye, abakomoka ku babyeyi barwaye mu mutwe cyangwa bafunze ndetse n’ababuranye n’ababyeyi mu gihe cy’intambara.

Abenshi muri aba bana bari munsi y’imyaka 14, kandi abenshi ni abahungu (55%). 18% bonyine ni bo batiga kuko baba bararangije amashuri yisumbuye, bakiri batoya cyane, cyangwa bafite ubumuga bubabuza kujya ku ishuri.  Gusa, harimo n’abakuze cyane, kuko ngo hari n’uwo basanze afite imyaka 36 !

Muri rusange, ababyeyi bumva ko kuba bakennye bagomba gushaka abandi babarerera abana babyaye. Ababyeyi b’abagabo bo ni ibindi kuko bananirwa kurera imfubyi bagahitamo kujya kuzireresha. Aha umuntu yakwibaza niba abagore bandi baba barashatse baramutse bapfuye, abana babyaranye na bo bazabajyana mu bigo birera imfubyi. Ikibabaje kurushaho, ni uko aba bana bari mu bigo birera imfubyi, 34,5% ari bo bonyine basurwa n’imiryango yabo.

Ikindi cyagaragaye, ni uko amafaranga agenda ku bana bari mu bigo by’imfubyi ari menshi cyane: umwana umwe agendwaho n’amafaranga 2.900 ku munsi, 87.600 ku kwezi, ni ukuvuga 1.051.513 ku mwaka. Nyinawagaga Claudine, umuyobozi wa Hope&Homes for Children mu Rwanda, ati: “aya mafaranga ashyizwe mu miryango aba bana baturukamo, akenshi iba inakennye, yagirira akamaro n’abandi bo mu rugo. ”

Ku rundi ruhande, ngo “abana boherezwa mu bigo by’imfubyi kuko bihari”. Ikigaragaza ko ibi ari byo, ni uko abana bo mu Karere ka Burera bari mu bigo by’imfubyi ari 7 gusa. Kubera ko nta bene ibi bigo bihaba, iyo ababyeyi b’abana bapfuye barerwa n’abo mu miryango yabo (ba nyirakuru, ba nyirarume, ba nyirasenge, …)

Nyinawagaga ati: “gukurira mu bigo ntibifasha abana gukura mu buryo basanzwe. Bakura bumva ko hari abagomba kubakorera byose, ntibamenye kwirwanaho kuko babona barya ibyo batazi uko bishakwa. Bakura batazi kubana n’abandi. Hari n’abaharwarira: byagaragaye ko hari abana bazana amagara kubera kutitabwaho, nyamara bagera mu miryango ibarera bakabaheka bagakira.”

Abana rero bakeneye gukurira mu miryango. Abanyarwanda bari bakwiye gusubira kuri wa muco wa kera ko umwana ari uw’umuryango, umubyeyi yapfa abandi bakamurerera aho kujyana abana kuba ahantu bazakura nta rukundo ruhagije rwa kibyeyi bafite, batagira n’ababyeyi bigiraho imico dore ko abakora mu bigo birera imfubyi bahora bahindagurika. Nta wagaya abashyiraho ibigo nk’ibi kuko baba babitewe no kubona abana bandagaye batagira ababitaho. Ariko na none kurererwa mu muryango biraruta.

Imfubyi za Jenoside zirera zo mu karere ka Gisagara zashyiriweho ingando n’ishyirahamwe ryita ku bapfakazi n’imfubyi ba Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi yo muri mata 1994 DUHOZANYE rikorera mu murenge wa Save, zikaba zigamije kubafasha kuva mu bwigunge baba basanzwe babamo.

Ishyirahamwe DUHOZANYE ryararebye ribona abana bibana bahura n’ibibazo byinshi bitandukanye birimo kwigunga, guhura n’ihungabana ntibabone ubufasha buhagije n’ibindi byinshi maze rishyiraho iyi gahunda yo kubahuriza hamwe igihe cy’icyunamo kugirango babafashe.

Izi ngando zitabiriwe n’abana b’imfubyi biga mu mashuri yisumbuye na kaminuza birera bagera ku 160 baturutse mu mirenge 13 y’aka karere. Muri zo rero bahabwa ibiganiro bitandukanye ndetse bakagira n’umwanya munini wo gusabana hagati yabo kugirango bave no muri bwa bwigunge baba basanzwe babamo aho batuye.

“Mbere narinzi ko ari jye ugira ibibazo birenze kurusha abandi ndetse ahubwo nkumva ninanjye jyenyine ubugira bikantera guhora nigunze” Ibi byavuzwe na Claudine UWIZEYIMANA uri muri izi ngando akaba tuye mu murenge wa Gishubi.

Aba bana rero baratangaza ko iki gikorwa cyabafashije cyane kuko guhura ari benshi bakaganira bibibutsa ko n’ubwo badafite ababyeyi ariko bafite abavandimwe kandi nanone bikabafasha kumva ko hari ababatekereza bakibafata nk’abana mu muryango.

Madamu Daphrose MUKARUTAMU uhagarariye iri shyirahamwe aratangaza ko ibibazo by’aba bana bibana bigaragara ariko hakaba ikibazo cy’amikoro bityo ntibabashe kugera kuri bose ariko byibura bakagira abazwi cyane by’umwihariko kubare ibibazo byabo mu mirenge bakaba aribo rero bazanwa muri izi ngando.

Madamu Daphrose arahamya ko ari igikorwa cy’ingirakamaro kuri aba bana kuko babasha kwisanzura muri bagenzi babo bahuje ibibazo ndetse n’abagize ibibazo by’ihungabana bagafashwa kuko iri shyirahamwe riba ryazanye abashinzwe gukurikirana aba bana ukomerejwe akajyanwa ku ivuriro. Ibi rero akavuga ko binafasha abana koroherwa vuba kuko baba bafite umuntu ibitaho hafi.

Iki gikorwa ubu kikaba kibaye ubugira 3 ubwa mbere kikaba cyarabaye mu mwaka wa 2006, buri gihe gitangira ku itariki ya 7/mata kigasozwa kuya 13 mata.

Ingaruka za Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu w’1994 mu Rwanda ni nyinshi. Muri zo harimo benshi bagiye babura ababo bagasigara ari imfubyi zibana nta mubyeyi n’umwe zigira. Ni muri urwo rwego mu Karere ka Nyabihu habarirwa abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside zibana zitagira n’aho zikinga umusaya.

Nk’uko Juru Anastase uhagarariye IBUKA muri Nyabihu yabidutangarije, ngo hari ibikorwa biteganijwe mu gufasha abana nk’abo b’imfubyi za Jenoside zibana muri iki gihe cyo kwibuka.

Bimwe mu bikorwa biteganijwe harimo kurangiza kubaka inzu izabamo abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside zibana 7, barimo abakobwa 3 n’abahungu 4 zabanje kuba mu kigo cy’amashuri cya APEREL, nyuma ziza gukodesherezwa inzu yo kubamo, ubu hakaba hateganijwe ko inzu yabo bwite batangiye kubakirwa ngo bazabemo izarangizwa.

Juru avuga ko, bashimira intore cyane z’urubyiruko zagize uruhare mu kubaka iyo nzu. Akaba ashimira n’akarere ngo kuko gakora uko gashoboye kagakodeshereza amazu abacitse ku icumu batarabona aho baba  ndetse kagashakira n’ibiribwa imfubyi za Jenoside zibana muri Nyabihu. Hakaba harimo izo mu murenge wa Jenda n’izo mu murenge wa Rambura muri Kadahenda.

Mu bikorwa nk’ibi abaturage bakaba bahamagarirwa kugira umutima utabara nk’uwagiye ubaranga mu bihe byo kwibuka mu myaka yashize kuko bagiye bitanga kugira ngo bafashe bagenzi babo kugira ngo bikure mu bukene.

Juru Anastase akaba yatangaje ko yizeye ko n’ubundi abaturage bazagira uruhare runini mu gufasha bagenzi babo mu bikorwa biteganijwe mu gihe cyo kwibuka ngo kuko abaturage ubwabo batanze 12.000.000 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda zo gufasha abacitse ku icumu mu mwaka wa 2011.

Ayo mafaranga akaba yaraguzwemo inka zorojwe abacitse abacitse ku icumu, andi hakubakwamo amazu.

Uhagarariye Ibuka muri Nyabihu akaba asaba n’ubundi ubufasha bw’abaturage mu gufasha bagenzi babo bacitse ku icumu batishoboye muri iki gihe hibukwa abazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda ku nshuro ya 18.

Ingaruka za Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu w’1994 mu Rwanda ni nyinshi. Muri zo harimo benshi bagiye babura ababo bagasigara ari imfubyi zibana nta mubyeyi n’umwe zigira. Ni muri urwo rwego mu Karere ka Nyabihu habarirwa abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside zibana zitagira n’aho zikinga umusaya.

Nk’uko Juru Anastase uhagarariye IBUKA muri Nyabihu yabidutangarije, ngo hari ibikorwa biteganijwe mu gufasha abana nk’abo b’imfubyi za Jenoside zibana muri iki gihe cyo kwibuka.

Bimwe mu bikorwa biteganijwe harimo kurangiza kubaka inzu izabamo abana b’imfubyi za Jenoside zibana 7, barimo abakobwa 3 n’abahungu 4 zabanje kuba mu kigo cy’amashuri cya APEREL, nyuma ziza gukodesherezwa inzu yo kubamo, ubu hakaba hateganijwe ko inzu yabo bwite batangiye kubakirwa ngo bazabemo izarangizwa.

Juru avuga ko, bashimira intore cyane z’urubyiruko zagize uruhare mu kubaka iyo nzu. Akaba ashimira n’akarere ngo kuko gakora uko gashoboye kagakodeshereza amazu abacitse ku icumu batarabona aho baba  ndetse kagashakira n’ibiribwa imfubyi za Jenoside zibana muri Nyabihu. Hakaba harimo izo mu murenge wa Jenda n’izo mu murenge wa Rambura muri Kadahenda.

Mu bikorwa nk’ibi abaturage bakaba bahamagarirwa kugira umutima utabara nk’uwagiye ubaranga mu bihe byo kwibuka mu myaka yashize kuko bagiye bitanga kugira ngo bafashe bagenzi babo kugira ngo bikure mu bukene.

Juru Anastase akaba yatangaje ko yizeye ko n’ubundi abaturage bazagira uruhare runini mu gufasha bagenzi babo mu bikorwa biteganijwe mu gihe cyo kwibuka ngo kuko abaturage ubwabo batanze 12.000.000 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda zo gufasha abacitse ku icumu mu mwaka wa 2011.

Ayo mafaranga akaba yaraguzwemo inka zorojwe abacitse abacitse ku icumu, andi hakubakwamo amazu.

Uhagarariye Ibuka muri Nyabihu akaba asaba n’ubundi ubufasha bw’abaturage mu gufasha bagenzi babo bacitse ku icumu batishoboye muri iki gihe hibukwa abazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda ku nshuro ya 18.

Abatuye mu karere ka Rubavu barahamagarirwa kugira uruhare mu kubakira abana b’imfubyi barengeje imyaka 18 bakiba mu bigo by’imfubyi (orphélinat) kugira ngo bature heza kandi neza, maze basubizwe mu miryango.

Ibi bikaba byarashimangiwe na Sheikh Bahame Hassan, umuyobozi w’akarere ka Rubavu  mu biganiro aka karere kagiranye n’abahakorera imirimo itandukanye tariki ya 30 Werurwe hagamijwe kureba uko igikorwa cyo kubakira abana batagira abayeyi bafite imyaka 18 ziba muri orphélinat cyagerwaho.

Sheikh Bahame akaba yarasabye buri wese kumva uruhare rwe mu guharanira ubuzima bwiza bw’abana b’abanyarwanda agira ati “ni intego u Rwanda rwihaye ko nta mwana uzongera kwitwa imfubyi.”

Umuyobozi w’akarere ka Rubavu akaba yakomeje ahamagarira abatuye mu karere ka Rubavu kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byo kubakira abo bana amazu 20 bizakorwa mu kagari ka Bushengo, ahitwa Kanembwe mu murenge wa Rubavu.

Ibiganiro nk’ibi bikaba bizakomeza gutangwa hirya no hino kugirango icyo gikorwa kibone abaterankunga benshi ku buryo umwaka utaha uzagera hagati amazu yaruzuye.