Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Bumwe muburyo bugezweho bwo gusakara inzu igahangana n imiyaga

Ikibazo cy’ibiza biterwa n’imvura mu karere k Rubavu itera Ibiza bimaze kuba akabi kamenyerwa kuko iyo iguye abaturage batangira kugira impungenge ko hari abo iri busenyere.

Kuva uku kwezi kwa Werurwe kwatangira amazu icumi mu mirenge itandukanye igize akarere ka Rubavu amaze kwangirika bitewe n’imvura igwa muri aka karere, ahenshi bagasenyerwa n’umuyaga uherekeje iyo mvura.

Ubuyobozi bw’akarere ka Rubavu mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare, 2013 bwari bwatangaje icyizere ko Ibiza bizagabanuka kuko ahari hatuye abaturage babangamiwe n’ibiza bashoboye kwimurwa, abo akaba ari abaturage bari baturiye uruganda rwa Bralirwa bashoboye kwimurwa bakajyanwa Kanembwe hamwe n’abari baturiye umugezi wa Sebeya nabo bashoboye gufashwa kwimuka bakajya gutura kure y’uyu mugezi.

Kuva imvura yakongera kugwa igasenyera imiryango igera ku icumu, umuyobozi w’akarere ka Rubavu wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza  y’abaturage Rusine Rachel avuga ko abaturage batagomba kwirara ahubwo bagomba gukomeza ingamba zo guhangana n’ibiza zirimo gufata amazi ava ku mazu kuko agira ingaruka mu gusenya.

Imvura iheruka kugwa igasenyera abaturage ni mu mirenge ya Gisenyi mu mudugudu wa Mbugangari ahasenyutse inzu 7, umurenge wa Rubavu hamaze gusenyuka amazu abiri harimo n’ishuri ryasakambutse kubera umuyaga.

Ahenshi, amazu asenyuka bigaterwa n’uburyo yubatse ariko abaturage bagasabwa kwirinda ko amazi abasenyera nkuko bagombye kwitondera imyubakire bazirika ibisenge kugira ngo bidatwarwa n’imiyaga. Akarere ka Rubavu kari mu turere duhura cyane n’umuyaga hakaba haraje uburyo bwo guhangana n’imiyaga bubaka ibisenge biri hejuru cyane bigahangana n’umuyaga.

Nubwo abaturage basabwa gufata ingamba zo guhangana n’imyubakire kuko henshi abaturage batuye ahantu hahanamye bashobora guterwa n’imiyaga k’uburyo bworoshye, ahandi hagatwarwa n’inkangu kuko hahanamye kandi hari ubutaka bworoshye bijyanye n’igitaka bubakisha, benshi mubaturage bubaka bakaba batita kureba ingaruka bagira bitewe n’aho bubaka ahubwo bakubaka bashaka kugira inzu gusa.

Abantu bakorera mu karere ka Ngororero bakomoka hanze y’akarere bavuga ko nubwo ikibazo cy’abakenera ibyumba byo kuruhukiramo kubantu bari kurugendo (maisons de passage) kigenda gikemuka, abakenera amazu yo guturamo igihe kirekire baracyafite ikibazo cyo kutayabona.

Akenshi usanga amazu ahaboneka ari mato cyane, ari ahantu hadatunganye kandi yubatse kuburyo bw’amazu y’ubucuruzi ugasanga abenshi bahitamo gukomeza gutaha hanze y’akarere.

Ndayambaje Ferdinand, umwe mubantu bakorera muri ako karere yemeza ko ikibazo cy’amacumbi kubantu bakenera gukodesha amazu igihe kirerekire kikiri imbogamizi ku gutura mu mujyi wa Ngororero cyane cyane kubantu bafite imiryango cyangwa abantu benshi babana.

Umujyi wa Ngororero ntamazu yo guturamo akodeshwa ahagije ufite

Kuba amacumbi akiri makeya muri uwo mujyi ngo bishobora kuba inzitizi kuri gahunda ya minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu isaba abakozi ba leta gutura aho bakorera mu rwego rw’imigendekere myiza y’akazi bashinzwe.

Abakozi bakaba basaba abikorera gushora imari muri uwo mujyi batekereza ku kubaka amazu akodeshwa kuko byanabaha inyungu ukurikije n’abantu bagenda baza gukorera mu karere ka Ngororero nk’akarere karimo kwihutisha gahunda yo guhanga imirimo itanga akazi kubantu benshi.

Bamwe mubafite ubumuga bw’ingingo bakorera mu karere ka Rubavu binubira inyubako sitabasigira inzira

Abafite ubumuga butuma bagendera mu tugare mu karere ka Rubavu banenga uburyo abubatsi b’amazu y’amagorofa batabazirikana babasigira inzira yo kunyuraho ahubwo bagakora inzira y’ingazi kandi badashobora kuhanyuza utugare rwabo.

Nubwo abafite ubumuga bagendera mu tugare banenga inzu z’amagorofa kubera ko arizo ziri kubakwa cyane mu mujyi wa Gisenyi, bavuga ko n’inzu zisanzwe zitaborohera kuzinjiramo ariko kubera ko zo ziciye bugufi ngo babona ababarenza inganzi kuruta uko kuzamuka ingazi z’amagorofa bitaborohera.

Si inyubako z’abikorera gusa zinengwa kuko hari inyubako za leta zinengwa nk’inyubako z’akarere n’insengero ngo ntizizirikana abafite ubumuga bw’ingigo harimo abagendera mutugare hamwe n’abakambakamba kuko n’ubwiherero bukorwa butaborohera.

Abafite ubumuga mu karere ka Rubavu bavuga ko kudateganyirizwa inzira banyuramo bituma hari ubufasha bacyenera ariko ntibabuhabwe.

Uhagarariye ikigo cy’abafite ubumuga mu Karere ka Rubavu Dusingizimana Zacharie avuga ko iki kibazo cyo gushyiraho inzira z’abafite ubumuga bw’ingingo kitagombye kujyana n’inyubako nshya zubakwa gusa ahubwo n’inyubako za cyera zagombye gushyirwaho.

Bamwe mubafite ubumuga bw’ingingo bavuga ko kugera muri banki bagiye gushaka ubufasha ku mabanki adafite inzira bitaborohera kimwe n’insengero kandi bafite uburenganzira nk’abandi bose.

Nubwo hari itegeko ryasohotse risaba ko ku nyubako rusange nk’amashuri, amavuriro ndetse n’ahandi hatangirwa ubufasha izi nzira zigomba gushyirwaho ngo hari abatangiye kuzishyiraho nko kumashuri yubakwa.

Umuyobozi w’intara y’Amajyepfo Munyantwali Alphonse arasaba abubatse amazu agira aho binjira hamwe ntagire aho bakunze kwita exit basohokera ko bayakosora mu rwego rwo kwirinda impanuka.

Ibi umuyobozi w’intara akaba yabisabye ashingiye ko inzu igira aho basohokera cyangwa bingirira hamwe hashobora guteza ibibazo mu gihe cy’impanuka yagwira inyubako, abantu bakabura aho basohokera mu gihe umuryango umwe wagize inkomyi.

Ibi akaba abitangaje nyuma y’uko inyubako zitanduka muri iyi minsi mike ishize zariho zibasirwa n’inkongi y’umuriro. Izo nyubako akenshi ugasanga n’izihurirwamo n’abantu benshi nk’ububyiniro n’insengero.

Imwe mu nyubako zibasiwe n’inkongi y’umuriro hakaba harimo n’inyubako iri mu mujyi wa Muhanga yaririmo akabyiniro kahuriragamo abantu benshi.

Iki kibazo Munyantwali akaba yakigarutseho nyuma yo gusura inyubako y’igorofa iri muri uyu mujyi wa Kuhanga iri kubakwa ubu ariko ikaba iri hafi kuzura ifite Umuryango umwe gusa uyinjiramo.

Iyi nyubako ikaba ari iyo banki y’abaturage ishami rya Muhanga igomba kwimukiramo bitarenze ukwezi kwa kabiri.

Aha ubuyobozi bukaba busaba nyiri iyi nyubako ko yabanza gushyiraho undi muryango mbere y’uko itangira gukorerwamo.

Si iyi nyubako gusa ifite iki kibazo kuko n’izimaze igihe kinini muri uyu mujyi zitari nkeya usanga zifite Umuryango umwe gusa kuburyo zishobora guhitana abantu benshi mu gihe zahuye n’impanuka.

Abubaka kandi kimwe n’abafite inzu bakaba basabwako batazajya bibagirwa gushaka za kizamyamoto.

Abatuye umudugudugu wa Masoro mu murenge wa Kimonyi akarere ka Musanze barasaba ko ibibazo birimo ubwiherero buri kubakwa nabi, kutagira amazi meza, ndetse n’amazu yabo adahomye byabonerwa umuti kuko bibangamiye imibereho myiza yabo.

Bamwe muri aba baturage bavuga ko ikibazo cy’amazi meza, n’amazu batujwemo nyuma yo kuvanwa muri nyakatsi adahomye, bigatuma imbeho ibazahaza, bikanaviramo bamwe cyane abana kurwara indwara ziterwa n’ubukonje.

Aba baturage basaba ko ibibazo byabo byashyirwa mu byihutirwa ubuyobozi buri gushakira ibisubizo, kuko ngo bibangamiye imibereho myiza yabo, ndetse n’iterambere ryabo rikaba ritashoboka.

Nsabimana Mark, umuyobozi ushinzwe kurengera abatishoboye mu murenge wa Kimonyi, avuga ko bari gukora urutonde rw’amazu adahomye kugirango barebe uburyo bahomerwa, naho ubwiherero bugiye kubakwa hakoreshejwe ciment aho kuba igitaka nk’uko byarimo bikorwa.

Niragire Noel, ushinzwe ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu murenge wa Kimonyi, we yavuze ku kibazo cyo gutoranya abatishoboye bikemangwa na bamwe mu baturage, avuga ko ibyo bibatunguye gusa ngo bagiye kubikorera isesengura, ngo nihaba harimo amakosa bikosorwe.

  The government program of resettling people in the settlement villages especially from high risk zones, on cliffs, swamps and in valleys is meant to make people secure and providing them with development opportunities and necessary facilities.

The program that also intends to boost agriculture has helped in evacuation of more than 70percent of the residents in Gisagara district from High Risk Zones and settled in allocated villages in different sectors of the district.

Most of these residents say that it was difficult for them to comprehend the reasons why they had to evacuate their homes and even family houses to settle in villages and thought of it as ditching their culture but now they understand these reasons and that it was for their own good.

Petero Habimana and his wife Perusi Nyirakinani residents of Mukindo sector who were evacuated from High Risk Zones had difficulties abandoning the only home they had known long before the 1994 genocide against Tutsis but now they fully understand the advantages of joining others in the settlement villages.

“We are now happier and no longer lonely like before we evacuated which was difficult for us. We now get to learn what happens in the area and the country, we interact with other people and we are sure we are going to attain development and develop this village into a town.”

People living in settlement villages will not only attain development facilities but will be able to join land they evacuated in Land Use Consolidation Program and grow crops at a large scale. As Jean Pierre Musafiri the official in charge of land in the district explained, this will increase their crop production for consumption and sell and develop their social welfare.

People of Gisagara district are expecting a lot in development especially in social welfare and in agriculture from the two programs of settling people in villages and the Land Use Consolidation Program.

Gahunda ya Leta yo gutuza ku midugudu abatuye mu bikombe no mu bishanga ahatwa muri ntuye nabi, igamije kubafasha kwegera ibikorwa by’amajyambere bityo bakarushaho gutera imbere. Si icyo bizafasha gusa ariko kuko iyi gahunda ituma hamwe abaturage bavuye hashobora guhingwa maze ubutaka bwaho bugahingwa bukaba bwarushaho kwera umusaruro ugaragara nk’uko bitanganzwa n’ibiro bishinzwe ubutaka mu karere ka Gisagara.

Kuri ubu abaturage basaga 70% bamaze kuvanwa muri ntuye nabi batuzwa ku midugudu mu mirenge itandukanye y’akarere ka Gisagara. Abaturage bimuwe bavuga ko byagiye bibagora kumva impamvu zo kuva mu nyubako zabo, abenshi zikaba zari n’inyubako za kera babanyemo n’ababyeyi babo zbakumva kuzivamo byaba ari uguta umuco, ariko ubu bavuga ko bamaze gusobanukirwa kuko batangiye no kwibone ibyiza byo kuba ku mudugudu bitandukanye cyane no kuba mu mibande n’ibikombe bari batuye mbere.

Petero Habimana n’umugore we Perusi Nyirakinani batuye umurenge wa Mukindo muri aka karere, bavuye muri ntuye nabi begera abandi ku mudugudu. Batangaza ko kuva mu nzu bari batuyemo byabagoye kuko ari izu babayemo kuva mbere ya Jenoside ku buryo bumvaga ari nk’aho ngo baba bakoze amahano, ariko nyuma yo kwigishwa ngo brasobanukiwe kandi ubu bamaze kubona ibyiza by’umudugudu.

Bati “Ubu turanezerewe rwose n’ubwo twahavuye bigoranye, ariko ubu tumaze kubona ibyiza byo kuva muri uriya mubande twabagamo kuko ubu tubona n’abatuganiriza mbere twarigungiraga hepfo iyo ntitunamenye ibibera ku muhanda. Twizejwe ibikorwa by’iterambere kandi twizera ko bizatugeraho vuba maze iki cyaro kikaba umujyi”.

Si ukubona ibikorwa by’iterambere gusa ariko ngo bizaba kuri aba baturage kuko ahubwo ngo bazanabasha kweza imyaka myinshi igihe hazajya hamara guhuzwa bwa butaka bavuyemo mu mibande maze bugahingwamo imyaka myinshi. Nk’uko Musafiri Jean Pierre umukuru w’ibiro by’ubutaka abivuga, ngo iki gikorwa kizatuma haboneka umusaruro ugaragara maze abaturage babone amasoko bityo ubukungu nabwo buzamuke.

Aragira ati “Gutura ku midugudu ni ingenzi cyane kuko bizanatuma gahunda yo guhuza ubutaka igenda neza, hakaboneka ubutaka bwagutse maze abaturage bakazabona umusaruro mwinshi bakajya banasagurira amasoko maze nabo bakikenura mu bintu bitandukanye.”

Iyi gahunda yo gutuza ku midugudu ndetse no guhuza ubutaka, abaturage bagisagara bayitegerejeho byinshi mu iterambere aho bizeye ko ibikorwa by’amajyambere bizarushaho kubegera ndetse bakanaronka umusaruro utubutse ku bw’iyi gahunda yo guhuza ubutaka.

Augustin Kampayana, umuyobozi w’ishami ry’imiturire yo mu cyaro muri Minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, ni we ushima utu turere, bitewe n’uburyo twitabira gutuza abaturage batwo mu midugudu.

Ibi Kampayana abihera ku kuba mu gihe cyo gukura abantu muri nyakatsi, abantu utu turere twimuye bose baratujwe mu midugudu. Ntabwo bagiye babareka ngo bature aho biboneye. Ibi rero ngo bituma hari ubwo usanga hari ababazanya ngo « imidugudu iba muri Huye murayizi ? »

Uyu muyobozi rero ashishikariza n’utundi turere gufatira urugero kuri utu twombi, maze abantu bari kwimuka muri iki gihe kubera kuba batuye ahantu habi hashobora kubateza impanuka z’ibiza, bagatuzwa mu midugudu.

Igituma kandi Kampayana ashimira utu turere, ni uko ngo gahunda yo gutuza abaturage mu midugudu ari yo izafasha kwihutisha iterambere : ibikorwa remezo bizabageraho bose kandi ku buryo budahenze, haboneke aho guhinga hafatika kuko ubundi usanga abantu batuye mu mirima, …

Gusa, n’ubwo utu turere dushimwa kuba twaragiye dutuza abantu neza, turacyafite abagituye aho bashobora gusenyerwa n’ibiza. Nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ushinzwe imiturire mu Ntara y’amajyepfo, Gisagara hasigaye magana ane na 75. Icyakora i Huye ho hasigaye kwimuka ingo 47.

Ibyo ari byo byose, n’aba bose bazatuzwa mu midugudu. Guhera icyo gihe, abazaba basigaye kwegera abandi mu midugudu ni abafite amazu akomeye kandi ari ahantu heza nyamara hatari kuri site z’imidugudu.

The habitation of the villages department in the ministry of Local Governments (MINALOC) has argued Rwandans to use tiles instead of iron sheets especially people who are settling in settlement villages suggested.

Houses with tiles are said to last longer

This was said by William Ngabonziza a worker in the habitation department in MINALOC saying “the houses that were built for the poor and vulnerable in the settlement villages using iron sheets for roofing are already falling apart and they need to be replaced when those that were covered by tiles are still well and intact.”

Apart from getting old sooner, the iron sheets are expensive; they are imported outside of Rwanda and they do not provide work to Rwandans while tiles last forever, cheap which provide employment to Rwandan youth who make them.

Ngabonziza explained; “in the program to eliminate grass thatched houses a few years ago in Rwanda, iron sheets that were used in the support of the poor were worth Rfw7 million and if tiles were used, that money could have developed Rwandan youth instead of going to foreigners.

In this period where most of the Rwandans especially those living in high risk zones are being encouraged to shift to settlement villages, Ngabonziza says it is advisable to consider many factors and especially long term factors and use tiles in building instead of iron sheets.

Ishami rishinzwe imiturire yo mu cyaro muri Minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu risanga abubaka kuri iki gihe, cyane cyane mu midugudu, bari bakwiriye kujya bifashisha amategura aho gukoresha amabati.

William Ngabonziza, umukozi mu ishami ry’imiturire yo mu cyaro muri Minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu agira ati « Amazu yagiye yubakirwa abatishoboye mu midugudu hifashishijwe amabati ubu yamaze gusaza, ku buryo bisaba ko asimbuzwa amashyashya, mu gihe ayubakishije amategura agikomeye. »

Nyamara, ngo uretse kuba asaza vuba, amabati arahenda, agurwa hanze y’u Rwanda kandi ntanatanga akazi ku banyarwanda. Mu gihe amategura yo aramba, ahendutse kandi atanga akazi ku rubyiruko rw’Abanyarwanda, kuko ari rwo ruyabumba.

Ngabonziza ati « Muri gahunda yo guca nyakatsi yabaye mu Rwanda mu gihe gishize, amabati yafashishijwe abatishoboye yatwaye miriyoni zirindwi. Iyo haza kwifashishwa amategura ayo mafaranga yari kuba yagiriye abana b’Abanyarwanda akamaro, aho kujya mu mifuka y’abanyamahanga. »

Muri iki gihe Abanyarwanda batuye ahantu habi nko mu manga no mu mibande barashishikarizwa kuhava bagatura aho begeranye n’abandi mu midugudu. Abazimuka rero, ngo byaba byiza bashakaje amategura.