Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Ishami rishinzwe imiturire yo mu cyaro muri Minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu risanga abubaka kuri iki gihe, cyane cyane mu midugudu, bari bakwiriye kujya bifashisha amategura aho gukoresha amabati.

William Ngabonziza, umukozi mu ishami ry’imiturire yo mu cyaro muri Minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu agira ati « Amazu yagiye yubakirwa abatishoboye mu midugudu hifashishijwe amabati ubu yamaze gusaza, ku buryo bisaba ko asimbuzwa amashyashya, mu gihe ayubakishije amategura agikomeye. »

Nyamara, ngo uretse kuba asaza vuba, amabati arahenda, agurwa hanze y’u Rwanda kandi ntanatanga akazi ku banyarwanda. Mu gihe amategura yo aramba, ahendutse kandi atanga akazi ku rubyiruko rw’Abanyarwanda, kuko ari rwo ruyabumba.

Ngabonziza ati « Muri gahunda yo guca nyakatsi yabaye mu Rwanda mu gihe gishize, amabati yafashishijwe abatishoboye yatwaye miriyoni zirindwi. Iyo haza kwifashishwa amategura ayo mafaranga yari kuba yagiriye abana b’Abanyarwanda akamaro, aho kujya mu mifuka y’abanyamahanga. »

Muri iki gihe Abanyarwanda batuye ahantu habi nko mu manga no mu mibande barashishikarizwa kuhava bagatura aho begeranye n’abandi mu midugudu. Abazimuka rero, ngo byaba byiza bashakaje amategura.

Muri iki gihe Abanyarwanda bashishikarizwa kwibumbira mu makoperative, byagaragaye ko hari  amakoperative y’i Huye atagira icyo ageraho. Nyamara, gahunda yo gushishikariza Abanyarwanda kwibumbira mu makoperative ifatwa nk’aho ari imwe mu nzira zo kubafasha kwiteza imbere.

Ibi byatumye komisiyo y’ubukungu yo muri njyanama y’Akarere ka Huye yiyemeza kujya kureba igituma amenshi muri aya makoperative atagera ku ntego yayo.

Iyi komisiyo yasanze impamvu nyamukuru ari uko abanyamuryango baba batazi uko amakoperative akora. N’ikimenyimenyi, amahugurwa ku mikorere y’amakoperative agenerwa ahanini komite nyobozi, ari na yo ahanini iba iri ku isonga ryo gutuma ahomba, dore ko aba ari yo ifite mu biganza inkunga zigenerwa aya makoperative.

N’ubwo abagize iyi komisiyo bagiriye inama abanyamuryango b’amakoperatvie kuzajya bakurikiranira hafi uko umutungo wabo ukoreshwa, abagize inama Njyanama y’Akarere ka Huye yateranye kuri uyu wa 27 Ukuboza, basanze byaba byiza n’abandi banyamuryango bagiye bahabwa amahugurwa ku mikorere y’amakoperative, bityo bakaba babasha kugenzura uko umutungo wabo ukoreshwa.

Iyi komisiyo kandi yasanze kutamenya uko amakoperative akora atari yo mpamvu yonyine ituma ahomba. Ngo hari igihe atanamenya kwishakira amasoko y’ibyo yagezeho. Inama Njyanama rero yifuje ko komite nyobozi y’Akarere ka Huye yagena uburyo aya makoperative yajya agirwa inama ku gushaka amasoko y’ibikorwa byayo.

Umujyi wa Huye ni umwe mu mijyi ihura n’ikibazo cy’abana bato bakoreshwa imirimo ivunanye mu gihe cy’ibiruhuko by’amashuri, aho usanga abo bana baza kwikorera imizigo mu isoko rya Huye, ndetse no gukora amasuku mu ngo z’abatuye uyu mujyi. Ubuyobozi bw’akarere ka Huye bwemeza ko iki kibazo kizwi, ariko cyikaba cyakwigirwa hamwe n’uterere duturiye umujyi wa Butare kuko abenshi muri abo bana ariho baturuka.

Umwe mu bana twaganiriye ku isoko rya huye, yatubwiye ko afite imyaka 11 akaba yiga mu mwaka wa 5, akaba akomoka mu karere ka Gisagara. Avuga ko kuza mu mujyi kwe atari uburara hubwo ari ubuzima bwo mu rugo iwabo butoroshye.

Uyu mwana witwa Nshimiyimana Vitar aragira ati “Erega natwe ntituzindukira mu mujyi gushaka imirimo y’ubwikorezi bitewe n’uburara, ahubwo ni utubazo two mu rugo tuba twabaye ishyano ryose. Jye mbana na Mama na mukuru wanjye umwe na barumuna banjye 3, nta papa dufite. Ubwo rero iyo iwacu bagiye guhinga bajyana na mukuru wanjye nanjye nkaza hano mu mujyi, mushiki wanjye unkurikira agasigara abana, kugirango twese twunganirane”

Ibi ariko ngo ni n’imbogamizi ku bantu basanzwe bakora umurimo wo kwikorera imizigo muri iri soko kuko basanzwe bakorera mu ishyirahamwe ariko mu biruhuko aba bana bakaza kwivanga mu kazi kabo bigatuma abagasanganywe babura ibiraka bitewe n’uko aba bana bakorera amafaranga make kugirango bagire icyo batahana. Bimenyimana umwe mu bakorera mu ishyirahamwe ry’ubwikorezi muri uyu mujyi wa Huye avuga ko aba bana bakwiye kujya bakurwa mu mujyi kuko bateza akavuyo iyo baje mu biruhuko kandi n’igihe habayeho ikibazo cyo kwibwa bikaba byakwitirirwa abantu bo mu ishyirahamwe kandi atari bo.

Niwemugeni Christine umuyobozi wungirije mu karere ka Huye ushinzwe imibereho myiza, atangaza ko iki kibazo lkizwi, ariko kigomba gukemuka ku bufatatanye n’uturere duturiye umujyi wa Butare, cyane ko n’ubundi byagaragaye ko abana bahaza ari abaturutse mu turere twa Nyaruguru, Gisagara na Huye ubwayo.

Iki kibazo aho gikomeje gufatira indi ntera ngo  ni uko uretse aba bana bikorera imizigo, n’abana b’abakobwa basigaye bajya mu mashyamba akikije umujyi wa Butare gutora inkwi, zikagurishwa mu ngo zituye umujyi wa Butare ndetse no mu nkengero zawo kugirango babone uko bibeshaho.

Ibi bikubiye mu magambo Cyprien Mutwarasibo, umuyobozi w’Akarere ka Huye wungirije ushinzwe ubukungu n’iterambere yabwiye abaturage bahawe inka na Centre igiti cy’ubugingo kuri uyu wa 17 Ukuboza, 2012. Aba baturage ni abo mu Mirenge ya Ngoma, Huye, Tumba na Mukura bibumbiye mu matsinda bashyizwemo kugira ngo babone uko babafasha gukorera hamwe .

Uyu muyobozi yateruye agira ati “muri iyi minsi hariho gahunda yo kurwanya ihohoterwa ku bagore n’abana. Ariko hari n’abihohotera. Abo ni abagira umwanda. Muhawe inka kugira ngo muzabashe kwiteza imbere, ariko ntihakenerwa inkunga kugira ngo umuntu akarabe.”

Mutwarasibo yakomeje agira ati “Gahunda ya Girinka yaje kugira ngo ikure Abanyarwanda mu bukene. Muzorore izi nka neza, mwiteze imbere, ariko ntimuzibagirwe n’isuku yaba iyo ku mubiri ndetse n’iy’aho muba”.

Yunzemo agira ati “muzikure mu bukene, ariko ntimuzibagirwe no kogosha abana banyu ngo usange umusatsi warabereyeho. Muzajye mugirira abana banyu isuku, abarwaye amavunja muyahandure, kandi mubambike n’imyenda ifite isuku.”

Ubusanzwe iyo umuntu akennye arisuzugura, akumva ko yemerewe gusa nabi kuko ngo nta mikoro aba afite. Nta mugayo kandi, umwanya munini awumara ari kurwana no gushakisha icyatuma abona ibyo kurya, n’aho abiboneye akibagirwa kwisukura no gusukura aho atuye.

Ahari ababwirwaga, ndetse na bagenzi babo batari bahari ariko uyu muyobozi yabatumyeho, bazagenda bumva akamaro k’isuku uko bazagenda batera imbere.

Uyu ugira imico myiza n’isuku ni umukecuru witwa Pasikaziya Mukankomeje wubakiwe inzu mu mudugudu wa Gashoka ho mu Kagari ka Shanga, Umurenge wa Maraba, Akarere ka Huye. Ubundi ngo yari asanzwe atuye mu mudugudu wa Shyinga na wo wo mu Kagari ka Shanga.

Ubundi, inzu uyu mukecuru atuyemo aha mu mudugudu wa Gashoka irakurungiye mu byumba bararamo, haba ku nkuta ndetse no hasi. Ahasigaye gukurungirwa ni hasi mu ruganiriro no mu kirongozi kigana hanze, kandi n’ubwo uyu mukecuru nta mbaraga agira, abantu bishimira kumufasha bamuha umuganda kubera ko ngo n’ubundi asanzwe agira isuku.

Icyakora, n’ubwo mu nzu hasa neza,  inzu ye yari ikiriho ibyondo inyuma, none umuganda wo kuwa 24 Ugushyingo wo mu Kagari atuyemo ka Shanga na wo wasize ubimukoreye. Abo bahoze baturanye agituye muri nyakatsi, mu mudugudu wa Shyinga, bari mu bihutiye gukurungira inzu ye ku nkuta zo hanze.

Maritini ni umwe mu bagabo bakurungiraga iyi nzu. Yagize ati “uyu mukecuru twari duturanye. Ni umukecuru ugira isuku cyane kandi akagira n’umutima mwiza. Yari asanzwe agira isuku cyane ku buryo na nyakatsi ye yasaga neza. Haje gahunda yo gukura abantu muri nyakatsi, twishimiye kuza kumuha umuganda kandi na n’ubu tukiwumuha”.

Umugore umwe mu bari barimo gukurungira inzu ya Pasikaziya na we yagize ati “umuhora tunyuramo tugiye kuvoma iwacu wanyuraga imbere yo kuri uyu mukecuru, kandi uteyeho ibitovu. Akihatuye ntabwo twikangaga amahwa kuko yawukuburaga wose uko wakabaye akageza ku muhanda. Tekereza umukecuru ungana atya wafataga imyeyo agakubura inzira yose.”

Uyu mugore yunzemo agira ati “aho uyu mukecuru agendeye wa muhora wahindutse amahwa, ku buryo dusigaye tujya kuvoma duhandwa. Ni uko nta wamwifuriza kugaruka muri nyakatsi, ariko tujya twifuza icyamugarura.”

Yishimira kuba yarakuwe muri nyakasi

Pasikaziya uyu n’ubwo ntamubajije imyaka afite, ariko urebye ashobora kuba afite muri za 60. Yishimira kuba yarakuwe muri nyakatsi none akaba asigaye atuye mu nzu nziza. Yagize ati “abangaragarije urukundo banyubakira Imana izabongerere. Mfite ibyishimo ko nzataha mvuye heza”.

Icyakora, n’ubwo ngo asigaye atuye heza, imirima ye nticyera kuko atakiyituriye ngo amenemo ibishingwe by’imyanda yo mu rugo, kuko ngo n’ubundi ari byo yafumbizaga.

Gahunda yo guca nyakatsi ku buriri yamugezeho. Ahari n’iyo koroza izamugeraho maze abashe kuzajya yegeranya ifumbire yo gufumbira imirima ye. N’ubwo Pasikaziya atakigira imbaraga zikorera ifumbire, Umuhungu we babana we yabishobora.

The association for medical students in the University of Rwanda (MEDSAR) gave two cows of Frisian type to the former sex workers that are now in Abiyemejeguhinduka cooperative at Tumba sector offices on Friday the 17^th.Nov.2012.

This act was done after many other things that MEDSAR students did to this cooperative of ex-sex workers including basket weaving and hairdressing and pedicure and manicure.

Antoine Habiyambere the President MEDSAR says that supporting this cooperative has been their goal since they got them out of prostitution near the university. This comes hand in hand with the mission of MEDSAR which teaches people about reproductive health, effects and prevention of HIV/AIDS and family planning.

Since most women say they are in prostitution due to poverty, MEDSAR taught them to work by training them in technical skills which provides income to them and also advices them on the agriculture this cooperative does.

They were given cows to provide them with manure to boost their farming and they will keep distributing the offspring of these cows among the cooperative members till each one of them owns a cow and there no member will go back to prostitution due to poverty.

The president of the cooperative of ex-sex workers says that all members are 28 women. They stopped prostitution completely and now they are sensitizing other young girls in prostitution to join their cooperative. Their aim is to reduce the number of people getting AIDS from prostitution and never to regret the path they chose later on in life.

Ishyirahamwe ry’abanyeshuri ba Kaminuza y’u Rwanda biga mu ishami ry’ubuvuzi, bagabiye inka abahoze bakora umwuga w’uburaya bakawuvamo, ubu bibumbiye muri Koperative Abiyemejeguhinduka. Igikorwa cyo kubashyikiriza izi nka cyabereye ku biro by’Umurenge wa Tumba, kuwa gatandatu tariki ya 17 Ugushyingo.

Inka ebyiri zo mu bwoko bwa frizone ku rugero rwa 75% ni zo MEDSAR yashyikirije Abiyemejeguhinduka. Iki gikorwa kije cyiyongera ku bindi byinshi aba banyeshuri ba Kaminuza bagiriye iri shyirahamwe harimo kubigisha kuboha uduseke, no gutunganya imisatsi y’abagore ndetse n’inzara, n’ubu bakaba bakibyiga.

Perezida wa MEDSAR, Habiyambere Antoine, avuga ko gufasha Abiyemejeguhinduka atari ibya none gusa. Ngo byatangiye ibafasha kuva mu mwuga w’uburaya. Icyo gihe yari igamije gukuraho ikibazo cy’uburaya hafi ya Kaminuza, cyane ko hari abanyeshuri indaya zicaga.

Ibi byanahuje ko n’ubundi mu bikorwa bya MEDSAR harimo kwigisha abantu iby’ubuzima bw’imyororokere, ububi bwa Sida no kuyireka ndetse no kuboneza urubyaro.

Kubera ko aba bagore bavugaga ko uburaya babuterwa n’ubukene, MEDSAR yabafashije kwiga kuboha uduseke, nyamara baje kutuburira isoko nuko bamwe batangira gusubira mu buraya. Ibi rero byatumye MEDSAR yiga umushinga mushyashya wo kubafasha kwiga imyuga itabura isoko (gutunganya imisatsi n’inzara), ndetse bakanabagira inama mu bijyanye n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi koperative yabo ikora.

Izi nka rero babahaye ni izo kubafasha kubona ifumbire yo gushyira mu mirima yabo. Buke buke kandi bazagenda borozanya, ku buryo hari icyizere ko nta wuzongera gutekereza gusubira mu buraya abitewe n’ubukene.

Umuyobozi wa Koperative Abiyemeje guhinduka, avuga ko bose hamwe ari 28. Ngo baretse umwuga w’uburaya burundu, ku buryo batangiye no kwiyegereza abakiri batoya bari babaye indaya, bakabakira muri koperative yabo. Intego yabo ngo ni ukubarinda kuzandura Sida ndetse no kuzabaho bicuza inzira banyuzemo bakiri bato nk’uko na bo ubwabo batabyishimiye.

A girl seated near the basin of passion fruits at the pavement

Fruit hawkers in Butare town have revealed their reasons for continuing this business in spite the confrontation with the Police that sometimes takes away their merchandise.

This follows how police warns them about this illegal trade but women pose as deaf people and ignore the law.

However, women explain: “we are aware of the law, but we are poor and have to feed our children. This is the only way we make little money to survive.”

One of the street hawkers narrates “I reside in this town. My husband earns very little and I can’t sit at home and be able to provide for the family. Though I would love to do business like others, I have no capital to rent a place in the market. That’s why I try to get Rwf500 or Rwf1000 per day so that my family eats.”

Though many of them are women, there are some young girls who have preferred to encounter police instead of looking for money in prostitution or stealing.

However, some of these girls are members of certain associations and they sell fruits around with an aim of getting capital and rent a place of their own in the market.

“I plan to have gathered enough money in 2013, so that i join the market and have an address. For now Rwf4000 i use every day to buy fruits cannot give me a stall in the market,” says Maria, a street hawker.

While women say its poverty, the district administration contradicts them saying they gave them a free stall but they refused to use that place.

Women say that in Rwabayanga, where they were given to work from is far away and a place of thugs, very dirty and covered with trees where birds can poop on customers.

Mu mujyi wa Butare hakunze kuboneka abagore babunza imbuto ku dutaro, “bashakisha imibereho”. N’ubwo abacunga umutekano bababuza, rimwe na rimwe babashyikira bakabambura ibicuruzwa bari bafite, aba bagore bananiwe kubireka. Bamwe muri bo baravuga impamvu basa n’abavuniye ibiti mu matwi.

Umwe muri aba bagore yagize ati “ntuye muri uyu mugi. Umugabo wanjye akora akazi kadafashije cyane. Ntabwo nakwirirwa mu rugo nkora ubusa. Inzira nabonye yanyorohera ni ubucuruzi. Nyamara nta gishoro gifatika mfite kugira ngo nanjye njye mu isoko mfate ikibanza. Ni yo mpamvu nemera nkirirwa ncungana n’abashinzwe umutekano, nagira Imana nkatahana 500 cyangwa 1000, amarariro akaba ayo”.

N’ubwo abenshi mu bacururiza ku dutaro ari abagore ariko, harimo n’abakobwa. Bamwe muri bo bari no mu matsinda yo kugurizanya y’intambwe ku buryo bafite intego yo kuzareka kubungana udutaro, ahubwo bakagira aho gucururiza hazwi.

Mariya ni umwe muri aba bagore. Yagize ati « mfite gahunda y’uko umwaka utaha wa 2013 uzarangira maze kugira igishoro gifatika, ku buryo nzareka gucururiza mu muhanda, ahubwo nkagira ameza nanjye nkoreraho mu isoko, ahatwikiriye ».

Ubundi ngo igituma bemera bakirirwa bacungana n’abacunga umutekano ni ukubera amikoro make. Mariya ati « nk’ubu hano nza nitwaje ibihumbi bitatu cyangwa bine. Ni byo nzunguza nkabasha gutahana icyo 1000 cyangwa magana atanu. Ntabwo icyo gishoro cyanjye cyambashisha gufata ameza mu isoko ».

N’ubwo bavuga ko babunza ibicuruzwa kubera kubura amikoro yo gufata ibibanza mu isoko, ubuyobozi bw’Akarere bwari bwabashakiye aho gukorera batariha, nyamara banga kujyayo. Kubera iki ?

Mariya ati « hariya mu Rwabayanga baduhaye nta bakiriya bahazaga. Icya mbere ni kure, ikindi hasa nabi, ni mu ndiri y’ibirara, kandi ni no munsi y’ibiti ku buryo ibisiga byanera abakiriya. Kandi abatugurira imbuto ni abasirimu ».

Uyu wishimira kuba yarakuwe muri nyakatsi ni uwasigajwe inyuma n’amateka utuye mu Mudugudu wa Mucunda ho mu Kagari ka Buhimba, umurenge wa Rusatira, Akarere ka Huye. Yitwa Hategekimana Evariste.

Igitera Hategekimana ibyishimo ni uko yatujwe hamwe n’abandi, mu nzu itamuvira nk’iyo yari asanzwe atuyemo, none akaba yaranorojwe inka. Agira ati “banyubakiye inzu, banyubakira umusarane, banyubakira igikoni, ndetse n’inka bampaye barayubakira.”

Yakomeje agira ati “aho nari ntuye hari ntaho. N’ubwo n’aho natujwe na ho ari hatoya, ariko ntabwo hangana n’aho nari mfite. Ubu nshobora guhinga imboga mu karima k’igikoni banyubakiye, abana banjye bakabasha kubona izo kurya. N’ubwo n’ubungubu mpaha, ariko ntibikiri nka mbere.”

Ku bw’ibi byose yishimira, hategekimana agira ati “uwatekereje gutuza abantu mu midugudu, agatekereza koroza abakene, imana ijye ikomeza imwongerere imuhe imigisha. Iyaba nari mfite icyo nabagororera … nta cyo nabona uretse kubasabira ku Mana byonyine.”

Hategekimana kandi afite icyizere cyo kuzasezerera ubukene burundu. Yagize ati “ngize amahirwe inka yanjye ikongera ikabyara, hari icyo yakongera ku mutungo wanjye. Mbifatanyije no guhinga ndetse no kubumba, mfite icyizere ko mu minsi itaha nanjye nzabasha gutangira kubitsa muri Sacco.”

Gusa, ngo nta byera ngo de. N’ubwo Hategekimana yishimira kuba yaratujwe mu mudugudu, afite ikibazo cy’uko atabashije kubona ingurane y ‘aho atuye. Yagize ati « uwo nturiye mu butaka namweretse aho nari ntuye avuga ko atahatura, akaba nta n’icyo yahakorera, maze avuga ko ashaka ingurane y’amafaranga. Kandi njye nta yo mfite. Namusabye kujya kuyibaza abayobozi banzanye mu mudugudu.»

Mbere ho uyu nyir’ubutaka yari yamubujije no kugira icyo yahinga hafi y’urugo, ariko nyuma yaho yaje kumureka arahinga. Hategekimana ati “bigaragara ko hari ibyo yavuganye n’ubuyobozi.”

Kabarisa Arsene, umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Rusatira, avuga ko iki kibazo cyo kubona ingurane y’ubutaka cyagizwe n’abantu babiri. Ngo hari abafatanyabikorwa bari biyemeje kubarihira ingurane, ariko kugeza na n’ubu ntibarayiriha mu gihe aba batujwe bamaze igihe kigeze ku mwaka batuye.

Kabarisa yunzemo agira ati “Abafatanyabikorwa bari babijeje kuriha ingurane. Twe twagombaga kububakira, abafatanyabikorwa bakariha ingurane y’aho batujwe. Ubu turimo turavugana na bo, ariko nitubona ko ntacyo bakibikozeho ubwo nk’ubuyobozi tuzashaka iyo ngurane”.