Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Amata mu kirahure

Amata  indyo yuzuye, bityo akaba ashobora kwifashishwa na benshi mu kuvura indwara zikomoka ku mirire mibi, cyane cyane indwara zikomoka ku kubura ibyubaka umubiri (proteins).

Mukamabano Anonciata ushinzwe imirire mu kigo nderabuzima cya Nyankenke mu karere ka Gicumbi avuga ko usanga amata abonekamo ibyubaka umubiri (proteins), amavuta (lipids) n’isukari (glucides) bikenerwa buri munsi mu mubiri.
Ati “ amata kandi yongera kubonekamo imyunyu ngugu ya kalisiyumu (Ca), sodiyumu (Na), potasiyumu (K), manyeziyumu (Mg) na Korore (Cl). Mu gihe iyi myunyu ngugu umubiri utayibonye mu mata biwusaba kuyikura mu bindi biryo bitandukanye kuko usanga ari ingenzi mu mubiri. Icyiza kandi ni uko usanga buri ntungamubiri mu mata iri ku rwego rudakabije mu bwinshi cyangwa mu buke”.

Akomeza avuga ko amata ari ikinyobwa gihindagurika bitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye cyangwa ahantu abitswe.

“Muri garama 130 zisigaye ukuyemo amazi ni ho habonekamo garama ziri hagati ya 35 na 50 z’amavuta. Ibigigaye ni ibyubaka umubiri (proteins), ibinyesukari (fats), ibitera imbaraga (lipids) n’ibindi”.

Mu Rwanda kugeza ubu amatungo akunze gukoreshwa mu gutanga amata ni inka n’ihene. Inka ni ryo tungo rinini kandi ritanga amata menshi, ariko na none aya mata akaba agira ingaruka kuri bamwe bitewe n’imiterere y’imibiri yabo.

Ikibazo kiboneka kuri bamwe banywa amata ni aho umubiri wabo uba udashobora neza kugogora aya mata y’inka, ariko bitabujije ko bashobora kunywa amata y’ihene.

Amata y’ihene ni amata adakunzwe cyane cyane muri Afurika, ariko kandi akaba ari yo meza kurusha amata y’inka. Aha bavuga ko ubwiza bw’amata y’ihene bushingiye ku kuba ashobora kunyobwa na buri wese nta ngaruka biteye mu mubiri we.

Umuturage ushima gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana

Ababyeyi bo mu Karere ka Bugesera barishimira ko gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana yatangijwe hirya no hino mu gihugu, kuko yagabanije ibibazo by’indwara zikomoka ku mirire mibi nka bwaki n’izindi.

Nirere Daphrose utuye mu Murenge wa Ntarama avuga ko iyo gahunda yatumye amenya akamaro k’amata ku bana.

Ati “  nyuma y’aho abana banjye babonye amata ubu bameze neza bitandukanye na mbere aho bagaragaragaho ibibazo by’imirire mibi nka bwaki”.

Yishimiye ko gahunda ya Girinka yaje yunganirwa n’iy’inkongoro ku mwana, byatumye abana babo bamera neza ati ‘‘Abana bacu baranywa amata kandi bameze neza, kandi iriya gahunda ya perezida wa repubulika aho buri muturage ahabwa inka iratuma nta bana bakomeza kugarizwa n’imirire mibi’’.

Uretse Nirere ushima gahunda y’inkongoro kuri buri mwana  Mukantaganira Vestine wo mu Murenge wa Musenyi mu karere ka Bugesera nawe ashima gahunda yo gushishikariza abaturage mu guhinga uturima tw’igikoni tweraho imboga nazo zifatwa nk’ingenzi mu mirire y’abana ndetse bakaba banasabwa gutera ibiti byeraho imbuto ziribwa.

Asanga izo gahunda zikwiye kwitabirwa n’abaturage kuko ari bo ziba zashyiriweho, bityo bakarushaho kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange nubw’ abana babo by’umwihariko.

Iyi gahunda y’inkongoro y’umwana mu mashuri abanza nay’inshuke iri hirya no hino mu gihugu, yashyizweho mu rwego rwo gukangurira Abanyarwanda kunywa amata ndetse no gufasha abana bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Amata ni ikinyobwa (cyangwa ikiribwa!) cyihagije ku ntungamubiri zose umubiri w’umuntu ukeneye, ku buryo ubwayo yonyine yatunga umuntu akamererwa neza. Ibi byagaragajwe na Madamu Kaneza Ancilla, umukozi w’umushinga Proxivet, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abana bo ku kigo cy’amashuri abanza cya Kabuga. Hari mu gikorwa cyo kwizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga w’amata.

Nyuma y’imbyino y’abana bo kuri iri shuri ribanza rya Kabuga yagiraga iti: “uwanyoye inka ntayoberana, umubwirwa n’imbavu ndende, umubwirwa n’amaribori, …” Madamu Kaneza yabajije abana akamaro k’amata maze bamusubiza bavuga ko umwana unywa amata yiyongera, akabyibuha, akanagira umubiri unoze.

Madamu Kaneza yongeyeho ko amata abamo ibyubaka umubiri bita poroteyine, akabamo isukari n’amavuta bitera imbaraga ndetse akabamo na vitamine zirinda indwara.

Kalisiyumu na Vitamini D biboneka mu mata bituma umuntu mukuru uyanywa akomera, akagira imbaraga maze akabasha gukora bityo akaniteza imbere.

Umugore unywa byibura ibirahuri bitatu ku munsi by’amata bimurinda kurwara kanseri y’amabere.

Mu rwego rwo gushishikariza abana gukunda amata, Madamu Kaneza yagize ati: “Umwana unywa amata akura neza, ntarwaragurika, aba umuhanga mu ishuri, akazavamo umuntu w’umukire. Niba ababyeyi banyu batabaha amata kandi bakama mubabwire ntibakagurishe amata yose batabahaye. Niba badafite inka bakaba batunze inkwavu, mubabwire bazajye babagurira amata igihe bagurishije aho kubagurira ikigage cyangwa urwagwa”.

Ubworozi bw’ihene za kijyambere bufite akamaro kenshi ku bazoroye aho bavuga ko bazikama bityo bakarwanya imirire mibi baha abana amata bikaba bibarinda no kuba barwara bwaki.

Mukasine Tarisira ni umworozi w’ihene za kijyambere avuga ko amaze igihe kitari gito yoroye ihene za kijyambere aho avuga ko azikama bityo we n’abana be bakabona amata yo kunywa cyangwa se bakayatekamo icyayi, uyu mworozi w’ihene za kijyambere avuga ko kuri we kuba yoroye ihene za kijyambere bimufasha mu guha abana be indyo yuzuye kuko yemeza ko kuba akama ihene abana bakanywa amata ko nta mwana we n’umwe ushobora kurwara bwaki, avuga ko ihene ayikama litiro 2 aho kuri ubu agerageza no guha ku baturanyi amata y’ihene kubaba bafite abana barwaye bwaki cyangwa se baba bagaragara ko bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi.

Mukasine Tarisira atuye mu kagari ka Mareba mu murenge wa Nyarubuye akomeza avuga ko kuriwe korora ihene abona bifite akamaro kuko iyo ayikamye aba azi neza ko afite amata arwanya imirire mibi mu bana akaba akangurira n’abandi baturage kuba bakwitabira korora ihene za kijyambere zikamwa kuko ku baba bafite ikibazo cy’imirire mibi gikemurwa no kunywa amata y’ihene.

Image: Un plat pimenté

En cas de plat trop pimenté, deux solutions s’offrent pour rattraper le coup.

Soit on rallonge le plat en refaisant un autre plat ou une sauce sans piment et le mélanger au précédent, le goût du piment en sera atténué. Soit on ajoute au plat un ingrédient qui l’adoucira et atténuera ainsi les effets du piment, comme par exemple du citron, un yaourt, du lait ou de la crème fraiche, du sucre.

Dans le jargon culinaire, rallonger un plat signifie refaire le même plat ou uniquement sa sauce, avec les mêmes ingrédients mais sans rajouter de piment. Ensuite, on mélange les deux plats pour en diminuer la concentration du piment.

Lorsqu’on rallonge un plat, le goût initial est préservé. C’est la meilleure méthode pour atténuer l’effet du piment car aucun autre ingrédient n’y est ajouté et le goût du plat ne sera pas dénaturé. La saveur et l’authenticité du plat seront conservées.

On peut atténuer l’effet du piment en ajoutant un ingrédient au plat. Le tout est de le prévoir à l’avance, car préparer un plat pimenté demande beaucoup de doigté.

Plusieurs ingrédients permettent de réduire l’effet du piment. Le plus efficace est le citron qui peut être coupé en deux et verser sur le plat. L’ananas est aussi conseillé car son jus concentré du sucre attenue l’effet du piment dans un plat.

 On peut également ajouter au plat des produits laitiers tels un yaourt nature, de la crème fraiche ou simplement du lait. Les produits laitiers sont recommandés pour les plats liquides (potage, soupe, etc.) où on pourrait les délayer facilement. On peut aussi employer le sucre pour ses vertus adoucissantes, de plus il est plus facile à trouver et il amoindrira le feu du piment

Image : Ibiryo birimo urusenda

Hari igihe umuntu ateka ibyo kurya, ugasanga ashyizemo urusenda rwinshi atabishaka. Ese icyo gihe wabigenza ute? Hari abashoberwa bakabimena cyangwa bakongeramo amazi, ariko burya hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kugabanya urusenda mu biribwa.

Gukoresha Indimu

Image : Indimu

Dusanzwe tuzi ko indimu ikoreshwa muri salade, cyangwa ikavangwa n’ibinyobwa (umutobe w’imbuto, fanta, inzoga zikaze nka za whisky n’izindi. Ariko rero indimu ifite n’akandi kamaro abantu benshi batari bazi:

Kugabanya urusenda mu mafunguro

Iyo washyize urusenda rwinshi mu isosi bikugwiririye, wikwihutira kwangiza umuteko wawe ujya kuwumena cyangwa wongeramo amazi adahiye. Ahubwo fata indimu uyikatemo ibice bibili, ubundi uyikamure hanyuma ya mazi yayo uyasuke mu isupu/isosi, ubukana bw’urusenda buzahita bugabanuka kandi igire n’impumuro nziza kuko n’ubusanzwe indimu ikoreshwa mu guteka.

 Amazi y’Inanasi na Yaourt

Ushobora kandi no gukoresha amazi y’inanasi kubera ko ibamo isukari kandi isukari na za acide bita Citric acids / acides citriques) zifite umwihariko wo kurwanya ubukana bw’urusenda. Udahise ubona indimu cyangwa inanasi, ushobora no kuminjira agasukari gake mu biribwa birimo urusenda rwinshi.

Hari n’abashyiramo yaourt cyangwa ibindi bikomoka ku mata ugasanga bimeze nk’ikivuguto. Amavuta cyangwa ibinure biba muri byo biragenda bikibasira rwa rusenda rugatakaza ubukana. Inama nziza ariko ni ugukoresha yaourt itarimo ibinure/amavuta kugira ngo urye indyo iboneye.

Niba ari intongo y’inyama cyangwa isamake irimo urusenda rwinshi, bakugira inama yo gukoresha ubwoko bwa yaourt ikoreshwa nk’isosi iba ivanze na concombre n’ibindi birungo bita mint.

Gusomeza amata cyangwa umutobe

Igihe watetse amafunguro arimo urusenda rwinshi, ushobora gusomeza n’amata akonje cyangwa umutobe ukonje w’indimu. Salade y’imboga n’imbuto nabyo bifasha umuntu urimo koribwa n’urusenda mu kanwa.

Clothilde Nyiraneza giving milk and food to children

Ngororero district has urged residents to give milk and balanced diet to their children in order to fight malnutrition.

After representatives from the ministry of agriculture visited Ngororero in malnutrition fighting campaign,the district has gone ahead to create awareness about malnutrition and its consequences.

“Good health is the source of wealth. Feed your children well, with a balanced diet and disease won’t be a threat anymore,” urged Clothilde Nyiraneza, Vice Mayor in charge of Social Affairs, Ngororero District.

The ongoing campaign encourages parents to feed children on whole foods like milk, eggs and fruits.

According to a study, milk fights malnutrition because it’s rich in protein, mineral salts, fats, Vitamin A and B12, calcium and iron.

“If milk is not enough, leave it for children because they need it more than the grownups,” advised Nyiraneza.

Nyiraneza called upon families to provide at least one cup of milk to each child every day, because one cup of milk equals to 40% of protein, 35% of calcium, almost 70% of vitamin B12 and 14% of energy.

The programme to promote good health through proper feeding was launched by Prime Minister Pierre Habumuremyi.

Ministry of health, agriculture, Local government and Nongovernmental organizations like UNICEF are partners as well.

Nyiraneza clothilde agaburira abana anabaha amata

Nyuma yuko intumwa za minisiteri yubuhinzi n’ubworozi zinyuriye mu karere ka Ngororero muri gahunda yo kurwanya imirire mibi mu bana ndetse no ku bantu bakuru, umuyobozi w’akarere wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza akomeje gahunda yo gushishikariza abaturage guha abana amata no kubagaburira indyo yuzuye kugirango bagire ubuzima bwiza.

Nkuko tubikesha impuguke mu by’imirire, amata ngo afite akamaro kanini mu kurwanya imirire mibi kuko akungahaye ku ntungamubiri nyinshi zirimo proteine, ibinyamavuta, imyunyungugu, vitamine A na B12, karisiyumu na feri. Ibi bikaba bitaboneka cyane mu binyampeke no mu binyabijumba akaba ariyo mpamvu uyu muyobozi avuga ko amata abaye make akwiye guharirwa abana, kuko aribo bayakeneye kurusha abandi.

Nyiraneza akangurira abaturage ababwira ko umwana abonye igikombe cy’amata buri munsi yaba abonye intungamubiri zingana na 40% bya protein, 35% bya kalisiyumu, hafi 70% bya vitamine B12, na hafi 14% byibitera imbaraga.

Iyi gahunda yatangijwe na nyakubahwa minisitiri w’intebe w’u Rwanda, akaba yarayitangiriye mu karere ka Nyaruguru. Iyi gahunda yo gukangurira abanyarwanda kunywa amata ikaba ari mu rwego rwo kunoza imirire ihuriweho na za minisiteri, iy’ubuzima, iy’ubuhinzi, iy’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu ndetse n’imiryango itegamiye kuri leta nka Kundamata na UNICEF.

Inkongoro y’umwana ni gahunda ireba abana bose b’aba abava mu ngo zitunze inka, abikamishiriza ndetse n’abadafite abushobozi bwo kubona ayo mata.

Iyi gahunda rero yo kugenera umwana wese amata byibura inshuro ebyiri mu cyumweru, yashyizweho kugirango hacike ikibazo cy’indwara zifata abana n’imikurire mibi bitewe no kubura intungamubiri zihagije mu biribwa byabo.

Ntibyoroshye rero ko abana bose babona aya mata n’ubwo atangwa mu mashuri cyane ko hari abana bamwe batajya ku mashuri kuko batarageza igihe cyangwa kubera izindi mpamvu kandi no mu miryango yabo bakaba ntabushobozi buhari bwo kubona ayo mata.

Umuyobozi uhagarariye isangano mboneza muco muri MIJEPROF madamu Niragire Bellancile yasabye ubuyobozi bwa Gisagara ko bwakwita kuri iki kibazo cy’ingo zidafite ubushobozi bwo kubona amata y’abana.

Yanabahaye igitekerezo cyo kuba abaturage bafashanya kuko niba umuturanyi afite inka zikamwa akaba aturanye n’abantu badashobora kubona ayo mata yajya abakamira nka litiro 2 mu cyumweru kandi bikabafasha.

Bitabaye ibyo umuntu waba atanafite izo nka ariko afite ubushobozi akaba yafasha uwo muryango begeranye awukamishiriza kuko amafaranga 500 ya litiro 2 mu cyumweru hariho benshi bashobora kuyabona bitabagoye.

Igikenewe ni uko buri mwana wese wo muri aka karere yajya abasha kubona  amata bybura inshuro 2 mu cyumweru.

Kuri uyu wa 23 Gashyantare mu murenge wa Nyarubuye ho mu karere ka Kirehe hatangijwe gahunda y’inkongoro y’umwana ku bigo by’amashuri , iyi gahunda ikaba yaratangirijwe ku kigo cy’amashuri cya Migongo aho abana bahawe amata mu rwego rwo gutangiza iki gikorwa.

Nk’uko umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Nyarubuye Karasira Antoine abivuga ngo iki gikorwa ni gahunda ya Leta yo gushaka uko hacika imirire mibi mu bana b’abanyarwanda, akaba avuga ko bagiye kuzajya baha amata abana rimwe mu cyumweru.

Umunyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge wa Nyarubuye yabasabye ko byaba umuco mu murenge wa Nyarubuye, akomeza avuga ko iyi gahunda yo guha abana amata muri uyu murenge ari nziza cyane kuko muri uyu murenge hagaragaramo ibikorwa by’ubworozi bakaba kandi nta bijyanye n’indwara za bwaki zikunda kuhagaragara.

Akaba avuga ko bazajya bayaha abana biga mu mashuri y’incuke hamwe n’abana biga mu wa mbere kugera mu mwaka wa gatatu w’amashuri abanza, yongeraho ko umwana wanyweye amata adapfa kurwara bwaki.

Jean Marie Ntihabose umuyobozi wungirije ushinzwe uburezi mu karere watangije iki gikorwa cy’inkongoro ku mwana, yashimiye ubuyobozi bw’umurenge ku bufatanye n’abaturage kuba bariyemeje kujya bakamira abana.

Aha yabibukije ko ari igikorwa kiri mu gihugu hose mu rwego rwo kurwanya imirire mibi, akaba avuga ko aho bidashoboka kubona amata bakangurira abayobozi guha abana igikorwa akomeza avuga ko ababyeyi batemerewe kugurisha amata mu gihe umwana bareze batabanje kumuha amata yo kunywa aho kumuha amazi amata bayagurishije.

Ubu akarere ka Kirehe kakaba gafite ibigo 5 by’amashuri byatangije iyi gahunda y’inkongoro ku mwana.