Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Mu gihe hasigaye iminsi mike ngo umwaka wa 2012 urangire, abantu benshi bamenyereye ko mu gihe cy’iminsi mikuru isoza umwaka ibiciro bizamuka ku isoko.

Ubwo twasuraga abacuruzi bo mu isoko rya Rwagitima mu Murenge wa Rugarama mu Karere ka Gatsibo bamwe muri bo badutangarije ko uyu mwaka atariko byagenze bitewe ahanini nuko amafranga yabuze nabaclient bakaba ari ntabo.

Mugabe Emmanuel ni umucuruzi muri iryo soko, avuga ko uyu mwaka ibintu byahindutse abantu bakaba barabuze amafranga bigatuma nabo nk’abacuruzi batabona icyashara uko bikwiye, yagize ati”ukurije nindi myaka yahise usanga ibintu byarahindutse cyane, mbere wasangaga abakiliya ari urujya n’uruza ariko ibintu byarahindutse”.

Ikintu kidasanzwe muri aka karere ka Gatsibo nuko iyi minsi igeze mu gihe hari kuvugwa icyorezo cy’uburenge kibasiye inka, ubu abenshi mu bagatuye bakaba bababajwe nuko ntakaboga kazaba karangwa mungo zabo ku minsi mikuru bitewe nuko inyama nibizikomokaho kugeza ubu biri mu kato.

Bamwe mu batuye mu mujyi wa Kayonza bavuga ko iminsi mikuru isanze bitameze neza mu mifuka ya bo kuko nta faranga riri kuboneka muri iyi minsi mikuru. Ibiciro ngo ntibyazamutse ku buryo budasanzwe, ariko hari abajya mu isoko babura icyo bahaha kubera amafaranga yababanye make.

Mu gihe nk’iki abantu bose baba bashishikajwe no guhaha  iby’iminsi mikuru, ariko umuntu arajya mu isoko agasanga biramurenze kubera amafaranga yabuze nk’uko Mukanyirigira Dativa uhahira mu isoko rya Kayonza abivuga.

Abacururiza muri iryo soko na bo bemeza ko nta mafaranga bari kubona n’ubwo abaguzi baza mu isoko cyane nk’uko Mutumwinka Kayitesi ucuruza ibiribwa mu isoko rya Kayonza abivuga. Agira ati “Abaguzi baraza ariko benshi baba bashaka ko ubahera ku kiranguzo kandi ntibyashoboka, natwe ntitwaba dukora twunguka bigenze gutyo”

Ibura ry’amafaranga mu baturage b’i Kayonza ngo ryaba rishingiye ku mvura yaguye nabi ikangiza imyaka y’abaturage nk’uko bamwe mu bo twaganiriye babyemeza. Hari impungenge ko abaturage bashobora kuzagira ikibazo cy’inzara kubera iyo mvura yaguye ikabangiriza imyaka.

Abayobozi b’imirenge yahuye n’ikibazo cy’imvura nyinshi bavuga ko igisigaye ari ukuzatabariza abaturage mu gihe bizaba bigaragara ko ikibazo cy’inzara cyakomye. Imirenge ya Murundi, Ndego, Rukara na Mwili niyo yahuye n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’imvura yaguye nabi ikangiza imyaka.

Mugihe bamwe mubaturage bavuga ko iminsi mikuru ya Noheri n’Ubunani ibasanze mubukene butoroshye ndetse no kuyizihiza uko bisanzwe  bitoroshye, ababa mu bimina bitandukanye bo ikibazo cy’umunsi mukuru  baragikemuye.

Nkuko basanzwe bagurizanya amafaranga mubyo bita ikibina, mu rwego rwo kwizihiza umunsi mukurur neza barya ku kadahingwa (inyama), ababa mubimina bitandukanye bahisemo kugura ikimasa bakakigabana  mu nyungu bungutse uyu mwaka.

Ubusanzwe inyungu ziva mu buryo bo hagati yabo bagurizanya amafaranga maze bakungukirana.iz nyungu zibikwa mu isanduku akaba ari nazo zivamo inka y’umunsi mukuru.

Umusaza umwe uba mu kimina cyo mu karere ka Ngoma ,ubwo yavaga kugabana inyama ,yavuze ko  ikimina kimukuye ahakomeye kuko atari kubona ayo kugura inyama ngo yizihize umunsi mukuru.

Yagize ati”Mwana wa burya kuba nyakamwe biragatsindwa,ubuse iyo ntajya aho abandi bari ngo nanjye njye mubimina nari kuba uwande uyu munsi koko ,habe n’urupfusha ngo ndarufite rwo nari kugura akanyama.ariko ubu ngaka nshyiriye abana n’umukecuru wanjye.”

Uretse kuba bagabana inyama bakuye munyungu z’ikibina,baranasabana bakanwa bakanarya iyo basoza umwaka ibyo byose bikava mu nyungu z’abaguza bashaka kuyakoresha maze bakungukira ikimina.

Abantu benshi bahitamo kuguza mubimina kuko ntangwate baba bafite zo gutanga ku mabanki,bityo bitewe nuko mu kimina baba baziranye kandi bizerana bakayamuha.

Ibimina bigenda biri mubifasha abaturage mu kwiteza imbere kuko bibafasha kwizigamira birinda gusesagura,aho bahura buri cyumweru cyangwa gihe runaka bumvikanyeho bakagenda batombora umuntu umwe baha amafaranga bose,bityo kugera igihe buri wese bamuhaye.

Ibiribwa bitandukanye ku masoko  yo mukarere ka Ngoma ntabwo byigeze bizamuka nkuko byari bimenyerewe mu minsi mikuru kubera impamvu z’amikoro make yatumye abakiriya baba bake ku masoko.

Umuceri, inyama ndetse  n’ibindi biribwa bikunda kuribwa muminsi mikuru nibyo byakundaga guhenda mugihe cy’ iminsi mikuru.

Bitandukanye n’ indi myaka yashize mugihe cy’ iminsi mikuru,uyu mwaka ibiciro by’ibi biribwa ku masoko ntabwo byazamutse  kuko abenshi bahisemo kwirira ibyo bari basanganwe.

Abacuruzi ku maso nabo bemeza ko abakiriya bari bake bagereranije n’abo bari biteze.

Umucuruzi ucuruza umuceri n’ ibirungo mu isoko rya Kibungo   yagize ati ”Byarahindutse kabisa abaturage nta mafaranga bafite, abakiriya ni bake  ntabwo bisanzwe mu minsi mikuru.Ibiciro ntacyahindutse kuko byiyongera iyo babaye benshi”

Kurundi ruhande ngo Inyama zo ntabwo ziburira kuko abazicuruza bo  bavugaga ko babonye abakiriya benshi ugereranije n’indi minsi isanzwe.

Umucuruzi w’inyama twasanze ahacururizwa inyama muri iri soko yagize ati” Abaguzi baraza neza rwose ubu turikubaga inka urukurikirane kuko zihita zishira.Ibiciro nabyo ntago twongereye ni 1600 Rwf imvange naho iroti ni 1800Rwf.”

Ubu bukene buje nyuma yuko muri aka karere hamaze iminsi havugwa izamuka  ry’ ibiciro ku masoko,gusa ubu biragenda bigabanuka bitewe nuko ibiribwa bigenda byera n’ibishyimbo n’ ibirayi.

Muri iyi mimnsi mikuru y’impera z’umwaka, mu mujyi wa Muhanga hari kuvugwa ibura rya bimwe mu bicuruzwa cyane cyane inyama ariko ngo ntibyabaye nk’umwaka ushize.

Ku munsi mukuru wa Noheli wizihizwa n’abakirisitu b’isi yose bibuka ivuka ry’umucunguzi wabo Yezu Kirisitu, abantu bishimisha mu buryo butandukanye kuri uyu munsi.

Buri wese awizihiza bitewe n’ubushobozi afite, hari abahindura indyo bakarya ibyo batari basanzwe barya. Inyama ni kimwe mu bintu biza ku isonga mu kuribwa ku minsi mikuru nk’iyi.

Mu mujyi wa Muhanga ho kuri uyu munsi wa Noheli inyama benshi bakunze kwita imbonekarimwe cyanwa akaboga zari zabaye ikibazo kuko ngo zaguzwe ku buryo budasazwe.

Umwe mu bazibaga, Kibonge avuga ko abantu batangiye kugura inyama ku mugoroba bucya haba Noheli kuburyo ngo byageze kuri Noheli ubwaho abantu bazishaka babaye benshi kugeza n’ubwo hari abazibuze.

Yagize ati: “akaboga kari kabaye akaboga kuri Noheli, twabaze inka nke kandi abaguzi ari igitero!”.

Haba mu isoko rya Muhanga ndetse no mu mabagiro yandi yo muri uyu mujyi inyama ngo hari aho zabaye ikibazo cyane cyane nk’inyama zikunzwe n’abatari bake nk’imyijima n’izindi zikunzwe ngo zabonye bacye cyane.

Si inyama zabuze gusa muri uyu mujyi kuko ngo n’ibirayi byabaye bicye hamwe na hamwe kuko ngo nabyo baguzwe  n’abatu batekaga amafiriti kuri uyu munsi.

Aha aba bacuruzi bakaba babona ko ku munsi wa Bonane ibintu bigomba guhinduko kuko ngo badahinduye imikorere hari byinshi bazangirika kuri uwo munsi.

Aba bacuruzi ariko batangaza ko icyashara babonye kuri iyi Noheli gitandukanye kure n’icyo babonye kuri Noheli y’umwaka ushize.

Bavuga ko kuri iyi y’uyu mwaka ibintu bitagenze neza nk’umwaka ushize kuko ngo wabonaga uyu mwaka nta mafaranga arimo ugereranije n’uwashize.

Muringa nawe ni umucuruzi agira ati: “nta mafaranga ariho nabiboneye kuri Noheli kuko hari n’abazaga kwikopeha batari bake, ibintu ntigeze mbona indi myaka”.

Ku byerekeye n’umutekano mu karere ka Muhanga by’umwihariko mu mujyi wako nta kibazo cyavutsemo kuko polisi, ingabo n’abandi bashinzwe umutekano bakajije kuwubungabunga. Aha ariko n’abaturage bari bshishikarijwe kuzirinda guteza umutekano muke.

Abacuruzi b’inyama kimwe n’aborozi b’amatungo, bitegura amatungo yo kugurisha mu mpera z’umwaka, kuko ngo mu minsi mikuru isoza umwaka ari yo Noheli n’ubunani, abantu benshi bakenera kugura inyama bazarya mu kwizihiza iyo minsi mikuru.

Kuri uyu wa gatatu tariki 7/11/2012 ubwo twaganiraga  n’abacururiza inyama z’inka mu isoko rya Kamuhanda, mu kagari ka Ruyenzi, umurenge wa Runda ho mu karere ka Kamonyi,  badutangarije ko batangiye kurangura inka zo kuzabaga mu minsi mikuru ya Noheli n’ubunani kuko icyo gihe abaguzi baba babaye benshi.

Umwe muri bo witwa Bizimana avuga ko muri iyo minsi ari bwo abacuruzi b’inyama bakorera amafaranga agaragara, ati “none se ko umuntu umwe ashobora kubaga inka eshanu ku munsi kandi ubusanzwe yabagaga imwe!”

Ngo icyiza cyo kurangura inka hakiri kare, ni uko iyo ukwezi k’Ukuboza kwageze, ababa bazishaka ari benshi maze zigahenda. Nk’imiryango ifite ubukwe hari ubwo ihitamo kwigurira inka, maze na yo ikajya kuzishomba mu baturage.

Guteganya inyama zo kugurisha mu minsi mikuru ntibikorwa gusa n’abacuruza inyama z’inka, ahubwo n’aborozi b’amatungo magufi bazi ko ari ho babona amafaranga. Umugabo witwa Mugambira wororera inkoko z’inyama  muri Bishenyi ho mu kagari ka Ruyenzi, na we ahamya ko isoko rinini aribona mu minsi mikuru isoza umwaka.

Kuri ubu mu biraro bye harimo inkoko ibihumbi 10, ariko ngo arateganya kongeraho izindi ibihumbi bitatu, kugirango mu mpera z’umwaka hatazagira umuguzi ukenera inyama z’inkoko akazibura.

Mu kwezi kwa 3, ukwa 4 n’ukwa 5 imboga zarahendaga cyane mu mugi wa Butare ku buryo abantu bose bibazaga ikibitera bikabayobera. Kuri ubu, izo mboga ntizigihenda, ahubwo ibiciro by’ibirayi ni byo bigenda bizamuka buri munsi.

Mu bice bimwe na bimwe by’umujyi wa Butare, hari aho ujya kugura ibirayi bakaguca amafaranga 280 ku kilo. Aho ni aho babicuruza babiranguye mu isoko ryo mu mujyi, kuko muri iri soko nyir’izina ho bigura 250.

Ibi biciro by’ibirayi na byo bigenda bizamuka buri munsi, kuko aho ibirayi biri kugura 280 byaguraga 250 mu cyumweru gishize, naho mu kwezi kwa gatandatu ho byaguraga 180. Icyo gihe na bwo abantu bavugaga ko ari menshi kuko hari igihe byigeze kujya bigura 150, bakibwira ko hari igihe kizagera igiciro kikongera kumanuka. Nyamara aho kumanuka kirazamuka.

Twifuje kumenya igitera iki kibazo, maze Viateur Safari, umunyamakuru wa kigalitoday ukorera i Nyabihu, kamwe mu Turere twera ibirayi biribwa hirya no hino mu Rwanda, atubwira ko iri zamuka ry’ibiciro rishingiye ku mpamvu ebyiri: imvura mbi yaguye muri kariya gace mu itumba rishize ndetse no kuba ibirayi byo mu Rwanda bisigaye bigurwa n’abacuruzi bo mu bihugu duturanye.

Safari yagize ati “mu kwezi kwa 3 n’ukwa 4 mu Karere ka Nyabihu haguye imvura nyinshi ku buryo isuri yangije imirima iri kuri hegitari 611,4. Muri iyo mirima kandi harimo n’iy’ibirayi. Ibirayi rero ntibyeze cyane kandi bishakwa na benshi, ku buryo usanga abahinzi basarura amakamyo abahagaze iruhande ahita abitwara. Aya makamyo, harimo n’abijyana i Burundi no muri Uganda.”

Ibi ni na byo umucuruzikazi w’ibirayi wo mu isoko ryo mu mugi wa Butare avuga. Yagize ati “ibirayi byo mu Ruhengeri abantu barabikunda cyane kuko ngo bigira ifiriti iryoha cyane. Ni na byo biribwa za Bujumbura, binavugwa ko n’i Bugande bijyayo”.

Tugarutse ku biciro by’imboga, zo ubu ziragurika. Ibitunguru byari byaravuye kuri 300 ku kilo bikagera kuri 900, ubu biri kugura 400. Inyanya n’intoryi na byo byongeye kugurika kuko akadobo kaguraga 250 cyangwa 300 kakaza kugera kuri 700 ubu kasubiye kuri 300.

Ababyeyi bahahira mu isoko rya Kabarondo mu karere ka Kayonza bafite abana bakiri batoya, bavuga ko bishimira ko hari imyenda y’abana ya caguwa ihendukira buri wese ku bushobozi ubwo ari bwo bwose yaba afite.

Ku giceri cy’amafaranga 50 y’u Rwanda gusa, uba ushobora kugura umwenda w’umwana wa caguwa muri iryo soko, yaba ikabutura, ipantaro, umupira, ijipo cyangwa ishati.

Ababyeyi bavuga ko babyishimira cyane kuko n’abana b’umubyeyi udafite ubushobozi badashobora kwambara ubusa ngo ni  uko umubyeyi wabo ari umukene nk’uko Muhawenimana Liberata twasanze agura iyo myenda yabidutangarije.

Yagize ati “Umwenda umwe tuwugura 50, tuyibona bitworoheye tukabyishimira cyane, uba waje mu isoko [guhaha] wasagura nka 50 ugahita ugurira umwana akenda akajya kwiyambarira”

Kuba imyenda y’abana ihenduka muri iryo soko ngo biterwa n’uko hari imyenda iba yasagutse ku mabaro abacuruzi b’imyenda baba baranguye. Ubusanzwe ngo mu ibaro havamo imyenda ya mbere, iya kabiri, iyagatatu, n’iyanyuma.

Imyenda ya nyuma ngo ntabaguzi ikunze kubona bigatuma umucuruzi waranguye ibaro atoranyamo iyo myenda ya nyuma, kenshi iba ari iy’abantu bakuru, akayisubiza ku badozi bakayikoramo imyenda y’abana nk’uko Bamporineza Innocent ucuruza imyenda y’abana ya caguwa mu isoko rya Kabarondo yabidutangarije.

Bamporineza avuga ko amafaranga ava mu myenda ya nyuma aza ari nk’inyungu kuko umucuruzi atangira kuyicuruza yaragaruje ayo yashoye ndetse yaranungutse, iyo ngo ikaba ari yo mpamvu iyo myenda ya nyuma bayikoramo iy’abana igashyirwa ku giciro gitoya.

Ubusanzwe mu ibaro y’imyenda ngo haba harimo imyenda igera ku 1000 yose hamwe. Muri iyo myenda ngo hari igihe usanga nka 400 muri yo ari yo myenda ya nyuma, ku buryo umucuruzi agurisha iyo mu byiciro by’imbere ku mafaranga atubutse ku gira ngo agaruze ayo yaguze ibaro nta gihombo ahuye na cyo.

Mu masoko atandukanye y’akarere ka Kamonyi, ibitoki bituruka mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba biragura amafaranga  make. Ari abacuruzi n’abagura bakaba bemeza ko biri kugurwa cyane kuko ibindi bihingwa bihenze.

Abarema amasoko baritabira kugura ibitoki kuko ari byo bihendutse ugereranyije n’ibindi biribwa. Nyiramatama Yuriyana twasanze mu isoko rya Nkoto kuri uyu wa 25/7/2012, avuga ko ibyo kurya bindi biri mu isoko bihenze cyane.

Igitoki kiragura amafaranga 90 ku kilo mu gihe ibirayi bigura 200frw ku kilo. Nyiramatama aragira ati “ nk’ubu nazanye 2000frw mu isoko, havuyemo ibiro 20 by’igitoki hasigara ayo ngura umunyu. Ubwo se hari aho bihuriye no kugura ibiro 10 by’ibirayi?”

Ibyo bitoki bigura 90frw ariko ni ibyaturutse mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba, kuko ibyazanywe n’abaturage byo bigurwa hagati ya 120frw na 130frw. Mu gihe ibyo bya make bifite abaguzi benshi, abaturage bazanye ibitoki basaruye mu mirima ya bo nta baguzi bari kubona.

Abacuruzi bo bemeza ko ibitoki by’i Burasirazuba   biri kugurwa cyane ugereranyije n’ibindi biribwa. Mukamana Marie usanzwe ucuruza ibitoki n’ibirayi mu masoko atandukanye yo muri Kamonyi, avuga ko muri iyi minsi ubucuruzi bw’ibirayi yabaye abuhagaritse kuko nta baguzi byabonaga bigatuma atunguka vuba.

Avuga ko kuba abantu benshi bagura ibitoki, ku munsi bwira acuruje ibitoki bigera ku ijana (bisaga ibiro 2000). Ibitoki acuruza kuri 90frw ngo baba babiranguye muri Rwagitima ho mu karere Gatsibo, Intara y’Iburasirazuba, ku 40frw. Kuba bigurwa cyane, bakaba bajya kurangura inshuro ebyiri mu cyumweru, bakoresha imodoka.

Ibindi biribwa byari mu isoko rya Nkoto birahenze, ibijumba ni 120frw ku kilo, ibirayi 200frw ku kilo, imyumbati y’ubugari 200frw ku kilo, naho umuceri ni 700frw ku kilo.

‘Wikiheba mwana’ centre, literally ‘don’t lose hope child’ situated  in Ngarama sector of Gatsibo District  says that it does not have enough funds to fulfil all responsibilities as the number of children increases.

The president of this centre Mediatrice Mukasharangabo said that in the last 5 years this centre has been operating while receiving and caring for children with mental health problems, 300 children has passed through this centre and 73 children managed to get special support and some are in schools and performing very well.

This centre helps these mentally disabled children to be able to attend schools and study with normal students and those who are in delicate situations are trained in a way that they can get better, they help children with other body disabilities to be  get better and those without some body parts to get prosthesis or thesis  appliances.

Due to the kind of work this centre gets, Mukasharangabo said that it needs self sacrifice and enough funds which is a limitation to them and makes them fail to fulfil their responsibilities.

She gave examples like not getting wheel chairs for handicapped children; people to support these children by taking them to toilets and eating while they are at school, special medical care needed by some children and many other things they cannot provide due to low funds.

People who visit this centre are always surprised by the way children who are brought here are given much care though the centre is needs support.

Some of the children who come here from when they are neglected in their homes manage to perform well in schools. Among 38 children in this centre, 13 attend primary schools and are good performers and 2 are already in secondary schools and they are also doing very well.

Mukasharangabo said that if this centre can get support, it can help many children from different sectors neighbouring Ngarama sector and get hope for the future as some are even treated and get better and stop being thought of problems and not be allowed to interact with other children because of their disabilities like some of the families do instead of treating them as children.