Bahoneza – Kinyarwanda, Rwanda Welfare, Social Welfare, Rwanda People, Nutrition and Diet, Rwanda Habitat, Living in Kigali

Uturima tw’igikoni twashyizwemo ingufu ndetse hanakorwa amahugurwa ku bafite inshingano zijyanye n’ubuzima mu rwego rwo kurushaho kububungabunga

Indyo yuzuye n’isuku mu ngo, ku mubiri,n’ahandi hose hahurira abantu ni isoko y’ubuzima bwiza ku baturage. Ni muri urwo rwego mu karere ka Nyabihu hashyizweho gahunda zo guteza imbere urwego rw’ubuzima hafatwa ingamba kugira ngo uru rwego rube ku rufatiro rurushijeho kuba rwiza hirindwa imirire mibi,indwara ziterwa nayo,iziterwa n’umwanda n’isuku nke, n’ibindi.

Gahunda y’agakono k’umudugudu iratanga umusaruro mu mirire myiza mu ngo

Ni muri urwo rwego mu midugudu yose igize aka karere uko ari 473 muri gahunda y’imirire myiza hashyizweho ishuri ry’agakono k’umudugudu aho ababyeyi biga bakanakurikirana amasomo y’uko bategura indyo yuzuye bagaburira abo mu rugo rwabo ndetse n’abana by’umwihariko.Aya masomo akaba akurikirandwa n’ababyeyi kandi akaba agira akamaro mw’iterambere ry’imirire y’ingo nk’uko Dusenge Pierre ushinzwe ubuzima mu karere ka Nyabihu yabitangaje mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Kamena ubwo akarere ka Nyabihu kamurtikaga uko kesheje imihigo.

Uretse gahunda y’agakono k’umudugudu,hanubatswe uturima tw’igikoni 316 mu turima 267 twari twiyemeje kubakwa,abaturage bakaba baritabiriye cyane gahunda y’uturima tw’igikoni,nyuma yo gusobanurirwa akamaro katwo muri gahunda y’imirire mu rugo. Akarima k’igikoni kakaba gafasha mu kubona imboga zitandukanye zifasha ababyeyi mu gutegura indyo yuzuye,zikungahaye mu birinda indwara kandi zikaba zisoromwa hafi y’urugo zigifite umwimerere wazo.

Muri gahunda y’imikurire y’abana,mu mirenge 12 igize akarere ka Nyabihu abana bapimwa ibiro kandi hakanakurikiranwa imikurire yabo. Abajyanama b’ubuzima 1792 bari bagombaga guhugurwa barahuguwe ku birebana n’imirimo yabo ya buri munsi no kurushaho kubungabunga ubuzima.

Imihigo hagati y’abayobozi b’ibigo nderabuzima n’akarere ku bijyanye no kwita ku buzima bw’abaturage no gukora akazi kabo neza nayo yarasinywe kandi ikorerwa amasuzuma nk’uko Dusenge Pierre ushinzwe ubuzima mu karere yabigarutseho.

Hamwe n’izo ngamba zafashwe mu karere ka Nyabihu, urwego rw’ubuzima rukaba rugenda rurushaho gutera imbere nk’uko Dusenge yabigarutseho.

Amabati y’asibesitosi(asbestos)  yagaragaye ko yifitemo ubumara butera

indwara zikaze nka cancer y’ibihaha, mu Rwanda hakaba hamaze igihe

bivugwa ko aho ari agomba gukurwa ku mazu. iki gikorwa kikaba

kigomba kurangirana n’umwaka umwe  kubera ingaruka agira k’ubuzima

bw’abantu.

Amabati y’ asibesitosi mu Rwanda abarirwa kuba kuri m2 1.000.000 ngo

amenshi abarirwa mu mujyi wa Kigali wihariye 41,5% ukurikirwa n’intara

y’amajyepfo kuko ahenshi yubakishijwe hagati y’imyaka ya za 1960-1980

ashyirwa kumazu y’abihaye Imana hamwe n’inyubako za leta n’izabayobozi

ubwo yafatwaga nk’amabati akomeye kandi aramba ariko bitaramenyekana

ko atera ingaruka k’ubuzima bw’abantu.

Nubwo u Rwanda rushyize imbaraga muguca isakaro rya fibrocement ririmo

ubumara bwa asibesitosi, mu mwaka wa 2009 ku isi habarirwaga toni

miliyoni 2 za asbestos. igihugu kiza ku isongo mu kuyikoresha akaba ari

uburusiya bwihariye 50% mu kuyikoresha mugusakara naho igihugu

cy’ubushinwa gikurikiraho gikorersha (14%), Brazil (12.5%), Kazakhstan

(10.5%) naho Canada (9%)

Iri bati, rimaze  igihe kitari gito rikoreshwa nubwo byatangiye

kumenyekana ko rishobora kuba ririmo ubumara bugira ingaruka k’ubuzima

bw’abantu kuva 1906 aho byagaragaye bivuye kubantu bakoraga

m’ubucukuzi bwayo, ubwo bitabaga Imana.

Mu Rwanda isakaro ry’ asibesitosi rigomba gukurwaho

n’abanyamwuga babifitiye ubumenyi cyane ko mu kuyakuraho nabi

bishobora gutera ingaruka nyinshi, aya mabati yagejejwe mu

Rwanda gukoreshwa igihe ahandi yarimo gucibwa cyane mu bihugu byateye

imbere.

Dusingizemungu Jean Pierre umuyobozi wa Ibuka

Ubuyobizi bw’umuryango uharanira inyungu z’abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka w’ 1994 “Ibuka” irasaba abana b’impfubyi zirera gukomeza kwiyubakamo icyizere baharanira ejo hazaza heza.

Dusingizemungu Jean Pierre umuyobozi wa Ibuka, ashimira abana bagerageje ubutwari bwo guhangana n’ibibazo bya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994, akaba abasaba ko bakomeza intego biyemeje kugirango ubuzima bwabo bw’ejo hazaza buzarusheho kuba bwiza.

Kugeza ubu mu gihugu habarirwa imiryango y’abana birera ibihumbi 7000, irimo abantu bagera ku bihumbi 20.

Uretse kuba aba bana baragiye bahura n’ubuzima bukomeye mu kubaka ingo zabo, ubu ngo bamaze kugenda batera imbere haba mu mibereho no mu myigire; nk’uko bitangazwa na Rwamasirabo Roge umuyobozi w’umuryango w’abana birera AOCM.

Rwamasirabo avuga ko aba bana bagiye bahura n’ubuzima bukomeye burimo kuba bamwe, barahagaritse amashuri yabo bakiyemeza kurera barumuna babo.

Icyakora ngo umuryango AOCM wagiye ubafasha mu bikorwa byinshi birimo kwigisha imyuga abatarashoboye kugira amahirwe yo gukomeza amashuri yabo. Abandi ibashakira uburyo bw’imibereho.

Kugeza ubu umuryango wa AOCM ukorera mu turere 27, ukaba umaze kubakira imiryango y’abana birera amazu agera kuri 450.

Uyu muryango kandi ugenda ukorera ubuvugizi abana birera bambuwe imitungo y’ababyeyi babo mu nzego zitandukanye ngo bayisubizwe.

Abaganga bakorera mu karere ka Burera batangaza ko biteguye guhindura amateka y’u Rwanda baruganisha aheza nyuma y’amateka mabi ya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu mwaka wa 1994 rwanyuze mo.

Ku wa kane tariki ya 12/04/2012 ubwo abaganga bakorera mu karere ka Burera bafatanyije n’urubyiruko rwo muri ako karere bakoraga urugendo rwo kwibuka abazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, abaganga batangaje ko bashinzwe gutanga ubuzima aho kubwambura abantu.

Dr. Mpunga Tharcisse umuyobozi w’ibitaro bya Butaro biherereye mu murenge wa Butaro, mu karere ka Burera yagize ati

“tuzi neza ko amateka y’igihugu cyacu (Rwanda) abaganga bagize uruhare mu kwambura ubuzima bagenzi babo. Batatira inshinga yabo yo kuvura ababagana, ahubwo bafasha ababica. Ibyo rero byatumye umwuga w’ubuganga mu Rwanda utakaza imbaraga n’icyizere wari ufitiwe n’abanyarwanda”.

Kubaka umwuga w’ubuganga ubungubu birimo imbogamizi nyinshi cyane kuko hari abahuye n’ibibazo batakigirira icyizere abaganga nk’uko Dr. Mpunga abisobanura.

Akomeza avuga ko nk’abaganga ndetse n’abandi biga ubuganga muri iki gihe bafite ingamba zo kongera kubaka umuco wo kuvura uko bikwiye, batanga ubuzima, bitandukanya n’ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose kiganisha k’ubwicanyi ndetse na Jenoside.

Abitabiriye urugendo rwo kwibuka abazize Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1994, bahagarukiye ku ishuri rya G.S.Gahunga riherereye mu murenge wa Gahunga, barusoreza k’ Urwibutso rwa Jenoside  rwa Rugarama ruherereye mu murenge wa Rugarama ho mu karere ka Burera.

Abajyanama b’ubuzima bakorera ku kigo nderabuzima cya Nyarubuye mu murenge wa Nyarubuye ho mu karere ka Kirehe kuri uyu wa 12/04/2012 basuye urwibutyo rwa Nyarubuye bahakora n’umuganda.

Nk’uko umukozi ku kigo nderabuzima cya Nyarubuye ufite mu nshingano ze  abajyanama b’ubuzima Claudine Uwiragiye  abisobanura ngo bafashe umwanya wo gusura urwibutyo rwa Nyarubuye kuko bamwe mu bajyanama b’ubuzima hari abo usanga batarahagera ngo bamenye n’amateka yahoo nyamara batuye muri uyu murenge urwibutyo ruherereyemo, aho ngo wasangaga bamwe muri bo banatinya kuba bahagera nkuko uwitwa Minani Félix umwe mu bajyanama b’ubuzima yabivuze,aba bajyanama bakaba barasuye uru rwibutyo baboneraho n’umwanya wo kuhakora umuganda.

Uyu mukozi akomeza avuga ko bahasuye ari abajyanama b’ubuzima 144 banahakora umuganda aho banateye inkunga y’amafaranga ibihumbi 144.

Urwibutyo rwa Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi rwa Nyarubuye rushyinguyemo abatutsi bazize jenoside ibihumbi 51.000, iki cyumweru cyo kubibuka kikaba kizasozwa ku itariki 14/04 aho bazarara ijoro ryo kwibuka ku itariki 13/04.

Abana 54 babaga mu muhanda barangije amasomo y’imyuga bize mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu bahawe n’ikigo Vision Jeunesse Nouvelle (VNJ).

Mu muhango wo gutanga izi mpamyabumenyi wabaye tariki 03/03/2012, aba banyeshuri bagenewe ibikoresho bizabafasha gutangira no gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo bize nyuma yo kuva mu buzima bwo mu muhanda.

Ubwo bari bamaze gushyikirizwa impamyabushobozi zabo ndetse n’ibikoresho  batangarije ko batazibagirwa ubuzima bavuyemo bwo mu muhanda bityo bikazatuma bafata neza ibikoresho bahawe kuko aribyo bakesha ubuzima bwabo bw’ejo hazaza.

Umuhuzabikorwa wungirije w’Inama Nkuru y’Urubyiruko (CNJ) mu karere ka Rubavu, Dusabimana Emmanuel, yasabye abarangije bose gufata ibikoresho bahawe nk’intwaro y’ubuzima bwabo ataribyo guhita bagurisha ngo bagure.

Yagize ati «igihe amafaranga mwabikuramo yabashirana bikaba byabaviramo gusubira mu muhanda. »

Ibikoresho bahawe bigizwe n’amamashini yo kudoda, ibikoresho byo muri za salo zitunganyirizwamo imisatsi, ibya mécaniques ndetse n’ibyo gusudira byose hamwe byatwaye amafranga asaga 3500000 yatanzwe na FHI360 ku nkunga ya USAID.

VNJ ni ikigo cy’urubyiruko giherereye mu murenge wa Gisenyi, akarere ka Rubavu, gikora ibikorwa bitandukanye mu rwego rwo guteza imbere urubyiruko. VNJ iterwa inkunga na USAID binyujijwe muri family health International (fhi360) muri gahunda yayo yo guteza imbere imibereho y’abaturage.

Abashinzwe ubuzima mu karere ka Rulindo baravuga ko bagiye guhagurukira ikibazo cy’ abanyeshuri baterwa inda, bagahagarika amashuri, bityo inzozi bari bafite zose zikayoyoka.

Gato F. Ushinzwe kurwanya Sida mu karere ka Rulindo

Nk’ uko bivugwa na Gato Frederick ushinzwe kurwanya SIDA muri Rulindo, ngo iyo umwana atewe inda, bituma uvutse ahinduka umutwaro ku muryango kandi n’ uwamubyaye nawe yari atarageza igihe cyo kwitunga.

Ibi kandi ngo bituma umwana watewe inda ahagarika amashuri, rimwe na rimwe bikanamuviramo kwandura indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsida idakingiye, maze ntazabashe kwigirira akamaro cyangwa ngo akagirire igihugu.

Mu karere ka Rulindo habarurwa abana bari mu mashuri yisumbuye ndetse no mu burezi bw’ imyaka icyenda bwibanze bagera kuri 14 batewe inda, nk’ uko ubushakashatsi buheruka bwabyerekanye.

Nk’ uko bivugwa na Manirafasha Jean D’ Amour ushinzwe ubuzima muri Rulindo, ngo byaragaragaye ko benshi mu baterwa inda muri aba banyeshuri ari abiga bataha, bityo ababyeyi ndetse n’ abandi bayobozi ku nzego z’ ibanze bakaba bakwiye guhagurukira iki kibazo.

Minisitiri w’ubuzima yihanangirije abashinzwe iby’ubwisungane mu kwivuza (mituelle de Santé) ko uzakoresha amafaranga yagenewe ubwisungane mu kwivuza icyo atagenewe azabihanirwa.

Mu nama yagiranye n’abashinzwe iby’ubuzima mu ntara y’amajyaruguru, ndetse n’abayobozi b’iyo ntara tariki 16/02/2012, Minisitiri w’ubuzima yababwiye ko bagomba gukurikiza amategeko agenga amafaranga y’ubwisungane, bakayabika neza ndetse bakanayakoresha neza.

Minisitiri Binagwaho yababwiye ko ubwisungane mu kwivuza bwatangira bwigenga kuko bwahariwe abaturage akaba ariyo mpamvu abayobozi b’ibanze bagomba gukora akazi kabo bagakoresha ayo amafaranga neza atari mu buryo bwa politiki, ngo babe bayakoresha binyuranyije n’amategeko.

Minisitiri w’ubuzima agira ati “abazabirengaho bakayakoresha nabi bazashyikirizwa ubutabera”. Yongeraho ko nta muntu n’umwe uri hejuru y’amategeko.

There is a dependence problem among most cooperatives that has been discovered to be the reason of their poor performance, following a recent analysis by Rwanda Cooperatives Association (RCA) in Muhanga district.  

According to justifications by poorly performing cooperatives, the ministry of health is blamed for controlling funds which belong to cooperatives, hindering proper decisions and right to access property supposed to be owned by cooperatives.

Members of a cooperative for health workers known as “tubungabunge ubuzima” in Nyamabuye sector Muhanga District complained, we are not able to use about six million Rwanda francs in our bank account because these ministry people control everything and we do not benefit anything though that money should be used for our development”.

“Tubungabunge ubuzima” cooperative members were allowed to deal with livestock farming but RCA has learned that there is no such a business in the area apart from owning one grinding machine in the Muhanga town.

Accusations continue that the cooperative was forced to include social welfare leaders at the village level as its members while terms and conditions of the cooperatives do not allow it.

The Ministry of health gives 30% of the fund to health workers and 70%  is given to cooperatives but it seems to be only paper work as we  do not have an access to it the ministry of health does not help them with anything since they have no rights over it.

Christine Mukakiramba, who is in charge of cooperatives inspection for RCA said, “Funders don’t involve themselves in how cooperatives work because cooperatives should be independent and the benefits should only be for its members,” she clarified.

Mu isesengurwa ryakozwe na bamwe mu bakozi b’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe amakoperative mu Rwanda RCA kuri uyu wa 31 Mutarama 2012, abakozi bashinzwe amakoperative mu karere ka Muhanga ndetse n’abagize amwe mu makoperative akorera muri aka karere, basanze amwe mu makoperative akora nabi kugeza ubwo yanaseswa, kuko aba atabonye ubwigenge ngo akore ibyo yitekerereje.

Ibi bikaba byaragaragaye mu gihe amwe mu makoperative yakoze nabi, yasobanuraga impavu zabyo, biza kugaragara ko hari amwe aba adafite uburenganzi ku mutungo bafite nka koperative.

Koperative yagaragaweho cyane ko itigenga ni koperative y’abajyanama b’ubuzima yitwa “tubungabunge ubuzima” ikorera mu mirenge ya Nyamabuye na Muhanga.

abayigize bakaba bavuze ko badafite uburenganzira bwo gukoresha amafaranga bafite kuri konti yabo, ko ahubwo agengwa n’ikigo nderabuzima. Bakaba bagaragaje izi mpungenge kuko n’agatabo ka banki kabikwa ku kigo nderabuzima i Kabgayi.

Kuri iyi konti yabo hariho amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni esheshatu badashobora gukuraho ngo bayakoreshe icyo bashaka.

Aba bajyanama bemeza bidasubirwaho ko iyi koperative nta na kimwe ibamariye kuko ngo mu gihe bakenye kwikenura nta mafaranga bashobora kubona aturutse muri koperative yabo.

Mu byo bemerewe gukora nka koperative ni ukorora ingurube ariko ngo abakozi ba RCA basanze batajya bazorora ahubwo bavuga ko bafite icyuma gisya imyaka mu mujyi wa Muhanga. Ibi bikaba bihabanye n’amahame y’amakoperative kubera ko bikorera ibinyuranye n’ibyo bari biyemeje ku ikubitiro.

Ikindi cyagaragaye ko iyi koperative itigenga ni uko nka Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yayitegetse ko mu banyamuryango bayo bakongeramo abashinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage mu midugudu kandi amahame ya koperative avuga ko abanyamuryango aribo bonyine bafite uburenganzira bwo kwinjiza abanyamuryango kandi nabwo bakabanza bakabyandikirana.

Mu nkunga MINISANTE iter amakoperative y’abajyanama b’ubuzima 30% ahabwa abanyamuryango bayo, andi 70% akinjira muri koperative ariko bo bavuga ko baba batayigengaho kuburyo ntacyo ashobora kubamarira.

Christine Mukakiramba, Umuyobozi ushinzwe igenzura ry’amakoperative muri RCA avuga ko abaterankunga batajya bivanga mu mikorere y’amakoperative kuko ngo agomba kwigenga kandi n’inyungu zivuyemo zikaba igisubizo cy’abanyamuryango.